Layer 0：支撑区块链生态系统的无形力量

区块链第 1 层和第 2 层相当知名，但还有一个更基础的层支持整个区块链生态系统。 Layer 0 是使不同区块链网络能够无缝通信和协同工作的基础。

Blockchain technology has introduced a layered architecture to address the increasing complexity and diverse requirements of decentralized networks. At the foundation of this architecture lies Layer 0, a crucial yet often overlooked layer that provides the essential infrastructure for blockchain interoperability and scalability.

区块链技术引入了分层架构来解决去中心化网络日益复杂和多样化的需求。该架构的基础是第 0 层，这是一个至关重要但经常被忽视的层，它为区块链互操作性和可扩展性提供了必要的基础设施。

In this article, we will delve into the concept of Layer 0 in blockchain, exploring its components, distinguishing it from other blockchain layers, and highlighting some real-world examples. By understanding Layer 0's role, developers and users can gain valuable insights into the interconnected nature of blockchain networks.

在本文中，我们将深入研究区块链中第 0 层的概念，探索其组成部分，将其与其他区块链层区分开来，并重点介绍一些现实世界的示例。通过了解第 0 层的作用，开发人员和用户可以深入了解区块链网络的互连性质。

What are blockchain layers? To fully grasp the concept of Layer 0, we must first understand the broader context of blockchain layers. The blockchain ecosystem has naturally evolved into a hierarchical structure, where interconnected layers each serve specific functions and address particular challenges within the network.

什么是区块链层？要完全掌握 Layer 0 的概念，我们必须首先了解区块链层的更广泛背景。区块链生态系统自然地演变成一个分层结构，其中每个互连的层都服务于特定的功能并解决网络内的特定挑战。

These layers, much like the Internet protocol suite, form a technological stack that builds upon one another, akin to Lego blocks. At the foundation, we have Layer 0, followed by Layer 1 (base layer), Layer 2 (scaling solutions), and Layer 3 (application layer). Each subsequent layer inherits properties from the layers below but also adds new functionalities and optimizations.

这些层与互联网协议套件非常相似，形成了一个相互构建的技术堆栈，类似于乐高积木。在基础上，我们有第 0 层，然后是第 1 层（基础层）、第 2 层（扩展解决方案）和第 3 层（应用层）。每个后续层都继承下面层的属性，但还添加新的功能和优化。

This layered approach emerged as blockchain networks encountered challenges in scalability, security, and decentralization. Think of these layers as specialized protocols that work together to create a complete blockchain infrastructure.

当区块链网络遇到可扩展性、安全性和去中心化方面的挑战时，这种分层方法就出现了。将这些层视为专门的协议，它们协同工作以创建完整的区块链基础设施。

Layer 1 protocols, such as Bitcoin and Ethereum, provide the fundamental consensus mechanisms and security features, while Layer 2 solutions, like Optimism, focus on scaling and transaction throughput. Layer 3 handles application-specific functions and user interfaces, making blockchain technology accessible to end-users — here you'll find familiar names like Uniswap and Decentraland.

第 1 层协议（例如比特币和以太坊）提供基本的共识机制和安全功能，而第 2 层解决方案（例如 Optimism）则专注于扩展和交易吞吐量。第 3 层处理特定于应用程序的功能和用户界面，使最终用户可以使用区块链技术 - 在这里您会发现 Uniswap 和 Decentraland 等熟悉的名字。

What is Layer 0 in blockchain? At the heart of blockchain technology's infrastructure lies Layer 0, which comprises the core components that enable inter-blockchain communication, network connectivity, and hardware protocols.

区块链中的第 0 层是什么？区块链技术基础设施的核心是第 0 层，它由支持区块链间通信、网络连接和硬件协议的核心组件组成。

This foundational layer supports the entire blockchain ecosystem by providing essential services and protocols that facilitate seamless operation across different blockchain networks.

该基础层通过提供促进跨不同区块链网络无缝操作的基本服务和协议来支持整个区块链生态系统。

Key components of Layer 0 include:

第 0 层的关键组件包括：

Layer 0's architecture implements fundamental Consensus Mechanisms that guarantee network synchronization and validation across multiple blockchains.

Layer 0 的架构实现了基本的共识机制，保证跨多个区块链的网络同步和验证。

The solutions of Layer 0 focus on interoperability, allowing different blockchain networks to communicate and share data efficiently. This infrastructure layer addresses critical challenges in blockchain scalability and cross-chain functionality.

Layer 0 的解决方案注重互操作性，允许不同的区块链网络有效地通信和共享数据。该基础设施层解决了区块链可扩展性和跨链功能方面的关键挑战。

How does it do this? It provides standardized protocols and services that higher layers can build upon.

它是如何做到这一点的？它提供了高层可以构建的标准化协议和服务。

If you're developing blockchain applications, understanding Layer 0's role becomes necessary because it directly impacts the performance, security, and interconnectivity of your blockchain solutions.

如果您正在开发区块链应用程序，那么了解第 0 层的作用就变得非常必要，因为它直接影响区块链解决方案的性能、安全性和互连性。

Key features of Layer 0: While blockchain networks continue to evolve, five vital features define Layer 0's architectural framework: interoperability, scalability, customizability, decentralization, and security.

Layer 0 的主要特性：虽然区块链网络不断发展，但 Layer 0 的架构框架定义了五个重要特性：互操作性、可扩展性、可定制性、去中心化和安全性。

Layer 0 vs. Other blockchain layers To further clarify the role of Layer 0 within the blockchain ecosystem, let's compare it to other blockchain layers, highlighting their distinct functions and contributions to the overall network.

Layer 0 与其他区块链层为了进一步阐明 Layer 0 在区块链生态系统中的作用，让我们将其与其他区块链层进行比较，强调它们的独特功能和对整个网络的贡献。

Layer 0 vs. Layer 1 For an effective understanding of blockchain architecture, it's essential to distinguish between Layer 0 and Layer 1 protocols.

第 0 层与第 1 层 为了有效理解区块链架构，区分第 0 层和第 1 层协议至关重要。

Layer 0 serves as the foundational infrastructure that enables multiple blockchain networks to operate and communicate, while Layer 1 represents individual blockchain protocols like Bitcoin or Ethereum.

第 0 层作为基础设施，使多个区块链网络能够运行和通信，而第 1 层代表单独的区块链协议，例如比特币或以太坊。

Layer 0's role in supporting Layer 1 protocols is necessary for the overall blockchain ecosystem's functionality and scalability. It allows integration of different blockchain networks. For some concrete examples, see our article comparing the leading layer 1 blockchains.

第 0 层在支持第 1 层协议方面的作用对于整个区块链生态系统的功能和可扩展性是必要的。它允许集成不同的区块链网络。有关一些具体示例，请参阅我们比较领先的第 1 层区块链的文章。

Layer 0 vs Layer 2 Layer 0 provides the fundamental infrastructure and networking protocols that enable blockchain communication, while Layer 2 focuses on scaling solutions built on top of existing blockchains.

第 0 层与第 2 层 第 0 层提供了支持区块链通信的基本基础设施和网络协议，而第 2 层则专注于构建在现有区块链之上的扩展解决方案。

The key difference lies in their objectives. Layer 0 establishes the groundwork for blockchain interoperability and network performance, while Layer 2 solutions optimize existing specific blockchain networks.

主要区别在于他们的目标。第 0 层为区块链互操作性和网络性能奠定了基础，而第 2 层解决方案则优化了现有的特定区块链网络。

If this is complex to understand, here's a way to think about it: Optimism and Arbitrum are Layer 2s, and they optimize Ethereum (which is a Layer 1), but they don't optimize other Layer 1s, such as BNB or Solana.

如果这很难理解，可以考虑一下：Optimism 和 Arbitrum 是第 2 层，它们优化以太坊（第 1 层），但不会优化其他第 1 层，例如 BNB 或 Solana。

Real-world examples of Layer 0 protocols There are several prominent Layer 0 protocols in the blockchain ecosystem, which demonstrate practical implementations of cross-chain infrastructure. These protocols serve as foundational platforms that enable cross-chain communication and interoperability between different blockchain networks.

Layer 0 协议的真实示例区块链生态系统中有几个著名的 Layer 0 协议，它们展示了跨链基础设施的实际实现。这些协议作为基础平台，实现不同区块链网络之间的跨链通信和互操作性。

The funny part is that these are often considered Layer 1s by many people in the crypto community, but these are, in fact, Layer 0s:

有趣的是，加密社区中的许多人通常将它们视为 Layer 1，但实际上它们是 Layer 0：

These Layer 0 solutions demonstrate different approaches to solving blockchain scalability and interoperability challenges.

这些第 0 层解决方案展示了解决区块链可扩展性和互操作性挑战的不同方法。

Each protocol implements unique consensus mechanisms, security models, and cross-chain messaging systems to facilitate communication between various blockchain networks while maintaining their distinct characteristics and functionalities.

每个协议都实现了独特的共识机制、安全模型和跨链消息传递系统，以促进各种区块链网络之间的通信，同时保持其独特的特征和功能。

Pros and cons of Layer 0 in blockchain technology Layer 0 protocols in

区块链技术中 Layer 0 的优缺点 Layer 0 协议