Polynomial.fi 联合创始人警告称，以太坊 Layer 2 扩展解决方案可能很快就会达到极限

第 2 层解决方案是构建在第 1 层网络之上的协议或网络，以提高其可扩展性并降低交易成本

Co-founder of Polynomial.fi Gautham Santhosh has raised concerns over the potential limitations of Ethereum Layer 2 scaling solutions in efficiently scaling the mainnet. Layer 2 solutions are protocols or networks built on top of a layer-1 networks to improve its scalability and reduce transaction costs by processing transactions off-chain and then periodically settling the results on the main chain. More and more users have embraced these protocols for faster and more affordable transactions late last year. That's evident from the spike in the number of blobs or binary large objects posted by hundreds of L2s to Ethereum. Since November, the daily tally has averaged a record 21,000, according to pseudonymous data analyst Hildobby's Dune Analytics dashboard. But here's the concerning part: Just two Layer 2s – Coinbase's BASE and World Chain – account for 55% of the daily blog activity. So, a sustained demand for Layer 2s could quickly deplete available capacity. “Ethereum L2s are about to hit a brick wall. 55% of all blob space is already consumed by just 2 chains. And at current growth rates, we're only months away from everything breaking,” Santhosh said on X. Blobs are like regular transactions with an extra piece of transaction data attached. However, unlike traditional transactions, blob-carrying transactions do not permanently occupy the mainnet space and are only available for 18 days. Layer 2 protocols use blobs to bundle transactions, process them off-chain, and post them to the main chain for verification. The blob limit per block is six, with a target of three. When the target is reached, a base fee is charged to regulate demand from L2s. Since November, the demand for blobs has been so high that the target of three has consistently been met. In other words, scores of L2s are competing for the per-block target, driving base fees higher. “It's like having a highway with only 3 lanes for 50 growing cities,” Santhosh said. The chart shows the base submission fee has been markedly higher since November compared to preceding months, occasionally topping the $50 mark. These typically spike during market hours, airdrops and when a new layer 2 solution goes live, leading to higher user costs. “This is hitting everyone. DEXs seeing higher trade costs, perp protocols facing base fee spikes, users paying more for basic transactions,” Santosh explained. “At @polynomialFi, our base fees are up 300% in recent months.” According to pseudonymous Base builder Jesse.base.eth, the spike in the blob base fee is hampering L2 growth. “You can see this in the cyclical price spikes driven by daily demand cycles. We need more blobs ASAP to help all L2s continue scaling and ensure Ethereum is center of onchain,” Jesse said on X. Ethereum's Pectra upgrade, slated for March 2025, is expected to raise the blob limit per block to nine, with a target of 6. But, according to Santhosh, doubling capacity “only buys us months, not years.”

Polynomial.fi 联合创始人 Gautham Santhosh 对以太坊第 2 层扩展解决方案在有效扩展主网方面的潜在局限性表示担忧。第 2 层解决方案是建立在第 1 层网络之上的协议或网络，通过在链外处理交易然后定期在主链上结算结果来提高其可扩展性并降低交易成本。去年年底，越来越多的用户接受了这些协议，以实现更快、更实惠的交易。从数百个 L2 向以太坊发布的 blob 或二进制大对象数量激增可以明显看出这一点。根据化名数据分析师 Hildobby 的 Dune Analytics 仪表板显示，自 11 月以来，每日平均计数已达到创纪录的 21,000 个。但令人担忧的部分是：仅两个 Layer 2——Coinbase 的 BASE 和 World Chain——就占据了每日博客活动的 55%。因此，对第 2 层的持续需求可能会迅速耗尽可用容量。 “以太坊 L2 即将碰壁。仅 2 个链就已经消耗了所有 Blob 空间的 55%。 “按照目前的增长率，我们距离一切崩溃只有几个月的时间了。”Santhosh 在 X 上说道。Blob 就像附加了额外交易数据的常规交易。然而，与传统交易不同的是，携带 blob 的交易不会永久占用主网空间，且仅可用 18 天。第 2 层协议使用 blob 来捆绑交易，在链外处理它们，并将它们发布到主链进行验证。每个块的 blob 限制为 6，目标为 3。当达到目标时，将收取基本费用以调节 L2 的需求。自 11 月以来，对斑点的需求一直如此之高，以至于 3 个的目标一直得到满足。换句话说，数十个 L2 正在争夺每个区块的目标，从而推高了基本费用。 “这就像为 50 个发展中的城市提供一条只有 3 条车道的高速公路，”Santhosh 说。该图表显示，自 11 月份以来，基本提交费用与前几个月相比明显较高，有时会突破 50 美元大关。这些通常会在市场时段、空投以及新的第 2 层解决方案上线时激增，从而导致更高的用户成本。 “这对每个人来说都是打击。 DEX 的交易成本更高，perp 协议面临基本费用飙升，用户为基本交易支付更多费用，”Santosh 解释道。 “在 @polynomialFi，我们的基本费用近几个月上涨了 300%。”根据匿名 Base 构建者 Jesse.base.eth 的说法，blob 基础费用的飙升正在阻碍 L2 的增长。 “你可以从每日需求周期驱动的周期性价格飙升中看到这一点。我们需要尽快提供更多 blob，以帮助所有 L2 继续扩展并确保以太坊成为链上的中心。”Jesse 在 X 上说道。以太坊的 Pectra 升级定于 2025 年 3 月进行，预计将每个区块的 blob 限制提高到 9 个，目标是6. 但是，桑索什表示，产能翻倍“只能为我们争取几个月的时间，而不是几年的时间”。