中国的加密货币主导地位给美国敲响了安全警钟

加密货币的兴起暴露了美国基础设施和国家安全的潜在漏洞。中国在半导体市场的主导地位，特别是在比特币挖矿专用 ASIC 的生产领域，引发了人们对中国制造的硬件与美国关键系统集成的担忧。这些设备中潜在的恶意软件或固件可能会促进情报活动，从而可能威胁数据安全并导致金融系统中断。

China's Dominance in Cryptocurrency Infrastructure Raises National Security Concerns for the United States

中国在加密货币基础设施领域的主导地位引发美国国家安全担忧

Introduction

介绍

The United States has long held a contentious stance towards Chinese technology giants such as Huawei and TikTok, citing concerns over national security and infrastructure vulnerabilities. These concerns have now extended to the realm of cryptocurrencies, as the proliferation of Bitcoin mining operations in the US raises questions about the potential for foreign influence and espionage.

长期以来，美国出于对国家安全和基础设施漏洞的担忧，对华为和 TikTok 等中国科技巨头采取了有争议的立场。这些担忧现在已经扩展到加密货币领域，因为美国比特币挖矿业务的激增引发了人们对外国影响和间谍活动的可能性的质疑。

China's Ascendance in Cryptocurrency Mining Hardware

中国在加密货币挖矿硬件方面的优势

Bitcoin mining, the process of verifying transactions and creating new currency units, relies heavily on specialized computer hardware known as ASICs (application-specific integrated circuits). China has emerged as a dominant force in the production of these chips, with leading manufacturers such as Bitmain based in the country. Chinese companies control over 98% of the ASIC market, giving them significant influence over the global cryptocurrency mining industry.

比特币挖矿是验证交易和创建新货币单位的过程，在很大程度上依赖于称为 ASIC（专用集成电路）的专用计算机硬件。中国已成为这些芯片生产的主导力量，比特大陆等领先制造商都位于该国。中国企业控制着超过98%的ASIC市场，对全球加密货币挖矿行业具有重要影响力。

Security Risks Posed by Chinese-Dominated Mining Infrastructure

中国主导的采矿基础设施带来的安全风险

The growing presence of Chinese-controlled Bitcoin mining facilities in the US poses several security concerns. These facilities, often equipped with technology developed by Chinese companies, have the potential to facilitate intelligence activities, including data gathering and cyber-espionage against critical American infrastructure. Additionally, the inherent technological complexity of mining equipment raises the risk of backdoor vulnerabilities that could allow for the surreptitious transmission of data or even sabotage.

中国控制的比特币挖矿设施在美国日益增多，引发了一些安全问题。这些设施通常配备中国公司开发的技术，有可能促进情报活动，包括针对美国关键基础设施的数据收集和网络间谍活动。此外，采矿设备固有的技术复杂性增加了后门漏洞的风险，这些漏洞可能导致秘密传输数据甚至破坏。

Impact on American Monetary System

对美国货币体系的影响

The increasing adoption of Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies highlights their growing importance to the American financial system. With 40% of American adults now holding cryptocurrencies and the mining industry projected to grow at a rate of 9% per year, any disruption to this sector would have far-reaching consequences. The reliance on Chinese suppliers to validate Bitcoin transactions poses a significant risk, especially during periods of geopolitical tension.

比特币和其他加密货币的日益普及凸显了它们对美国金融体系日益增长的重要性。目前 40% 的美国成年人持有加密货币，而采矿业预计将以每年 9% 的速度增长，对该行业的任何干扰都将产生深远的影响。依赖中国供应商来验证比特币交易会带来重大风险，尤其是在地缘政治紧张时期。

Mitigating the Risks

降低风险

To address these concerns, experts and policymakers are calling for swift and decisive action from American lawmakers. The proposed measures include:

为了解决这些担忧，专家和政策制定者呼吁美国立法者采取迅速、果断的行动。拟议的措施包括：

• Strengthening Cybersecurity Regulations: Implement strict cybersecurity standards for mining operations, including mandatory penetration testing and vulnerability assessments.
• Increasing Transparency in the Supply Chain: Promote transparency throughout the supply chain to ensure the authenticity and provenance of mining hardware and software.
• Thorough Background Checks on Investors: Conduct comprehensive background checks on investors in mining operations to identify potential risks and mitigate foreign influence.
• Creating Global Standards for Security: Foster international cooperation to establish global standards for addressing security concerns that transcend national borders.
• Developing a Robust American Mining Hardware Market: Invest in domestic manufacturing of mining semiconductors through initiatives such as the CHIPS Act to reduce reliance on foreign suppliers.

Conclusion

加强网络安全法规：对采矿作业实施严格的网络安全标准，包括强制性渗透测试和漏洞评估。提高供应链透明度：提高整个供应链的透明度，以确保采矿硬件和软件的真实性和来源。对投资者进行彻底的背景调查：对采矿作业投资者进行全面的背景调查，以识别潜在风险并减轻外国影响。创建全球安全标准：促进国际合作，建立解决超越国界的安全问题的全球标准。发展强大的美国采矿硬件市场：投资通过《CHIPS 法案》等举措，减少对外国供应商的依赖，在国内采矿半导体制造领域取得进展。 结论

China's dominance in the production and supply of cryptocurrency mining hardware raises significant national security concerns for the United States. To mitigate these risks, American policymakers must take swift and comprehensive action to strengthen cybersecurity, increase supply chain transparency, conduct thorough background checks, and foster international cooperation. By developing a robust American market for mining hardware, the United States can safeguard its critical infrastructure, protect its financial system, and maintain national security in the digital age.

中国在加密货币挖矿硬件生产和供应方面的主导地位引发了美国的重大国家安全担忧。为了减轻这些风险，美国决策者必须采取迅速、全面的行动来加强网络安全、提高供应链透明度、进行彻底的背景调查并促进国际合作。通过发展强大的美国采矿硬件市场，美国可以保护其关键基础设施，保护其金融系统，并维护数字时代的国家安全。