Cardano（ADA）与以太坊（ETH）：早期证明和网络设计

Cardano使用了销售证明（POS）系统。以太坊最初使用工作证明，并在几年后转为POS。

Cardano and Ethereum are two widely used blockchain platforms. Both run smart contracts, decentralized apps and staking. However, Cardano has introduced some features earlier, while Ethereum has adopted similar strategies later. This pattern continues to go along with how the networks are being built and updated.

Cardano和以太坊是两个广泛使用的区块链平台。两者都运行智能合约，分散的应用程序和Staking。但是，Cardano早些时候引入了一些功能，而以太坊稍后采用了类似的策略。这种模式继续与网络的构建和更新方式有关。

Early Proof-of-Stake and Network Design

早期验证和网络设计

Cardano launched with a proof-of-stake (PoS) system. Ethereum originally used proof-of-work and switched to PoS years later. This gave Cardano a head start in running an energy-efficient and secure network from the beginning.

Cardano使用了销售证明（POS）系统。以太坊最初使用工作证明，并在几年后转为POS。这使Cardano从一开始就运行节能且安全的网络方面有了一个开头。

The earlier use of PoS gave Cardano more time to refine its staking process. It does this through delegation to involve more and support decentralization. Ethereum now uses a PoS model as well, but the switch required multiple updates and coordination across its ecosystem.

POS的较早使用使Cardano有更多时间来完善其占有过程。它通过授权来实现这一目标，以涉及更多并支持权力下放。以太坊现在也使用POS模型，但是该开关需要在其生态系统上进行多个更新和协调。

As of press time, Ethereum (ETH) was priced at $1,641.28, with a market cap of around $198.1 billion. Cardano (ADA) traded at $0.6481, with a market cap of about $23.3 billion, according to Coingecko data.

截至发稿时，以太坊（ETH）的售价为1,641.28美元，市值约为1981亿美元。根据Coingecko数据，Cardano（ADA）的交易价格为0.6481美元，市值约为233亿美元。

Transaction Models and Scalability

交易模型和可伸缩性

Cardano uses the extended unspent transaction output (eUTXO) model. This system helps avoid conflicts when processing transactions and makes outcomes easier to predict. Developers can write code that behaves consistently, even when many users interact with the blockchain at the same time.

Cardano使用扩展的未解决事务输出（EUTXO）模型。该系统在处理交易时有助于避免冲突，并使结果易于预测。开发人员可以编写行为始终如一的代码，即使许多用户同时与区块链进行交互。

Ethereum uses an account-based model, where each account holds balances and executes transactions. This model can be flexible but may lead to more complex interactions. To improve scalability, Ethereum developers are now testing ideas based on the UTXO model used by Cardano.

以太坊使用基于帐户的模型，每个帐户都持有余额并执行交易。该模型可以灵活，但可能会导致更复杂的相互作用。为了提高可扩展性，以太坊开发人员现在正在根据Cardano使用的UTXO模型测试想法。

Cardano supports native tokens. Users can create and transfer assets without needing to write custom code. This makes it easier and safer to launch new tokens on the platform.

Cardano支持本地令牌。用户可以创建和传输资产而无需编写自定义代码。这使得在平台上启动新的代币变得更加容易，更安全。

On Ethereum, each token type—like ERC-20 or ERC-721—requires a smart contract. Writing and managing these contracts adds cost and risk. Ethereum is working on improvements to make this process more efficient, but the need for custom code remains in place for now.

在以太坊上，每种令牌类型（例如ERC-20或ERC-721）都会获得智能合约。撰写和管理这些合同会增加成本和风险。以太坊正在致力于改进，以提高此过程的效率，但是现在对自定义代码的需求仍然存在。

Cardano’s Governance and Community vs Ethereum’s

卡尔达诺的治理和社区与以太坊的

Cardano (ADA) is building on-chain governance tools. These allow users to vote on decisions and manage a treasury that funds future updates. The network is moving toward community-led management as part of its current development phase.

Cardano（ADA）正在构建链政治工具。这些允许用户对决策进行投票，并管理资助未来更新的财政部。作为当前发展阶段的一部分，该网络正在朝着社区主导的管理发展。

Ethereum decisions are made through social consensus and off-chain discussions. While this method has supported growth, it doesn’t include formal tools for users to vote or manage protocol changes directly. Cardano is putting those tools into place now.

以太坊决定是通过社会共识和链链讨论做出的。尽管此方法支持增长，但它不包含正式工具供用户直接投票或管理协议更改。 Cardano现在将这些工具放到到位。

Cardano vs Ethereum: Network Focus and Performance

Cardano vs以太坊：网络重点和性能

Ethereum (ETH) has a larger user base and more developers. It is a well known crypto space support that knows a wide range of applications. The network is in the process of upgrading in order to lower the fees and make it a better user experience. Rollups are layer-2 tools that run more transactions at lower (than Layer 1) cost.

以太坊（ETH）拥有更大的用户群和更多的开发人员。这是一个众所周知的加密空间支持，知道广泛的应用。该网络正在升级过程中，以降低费用并使其成为更好的用户体验。汇总是第2层工具，其运行更多的交易以低（比第1层）成本运行。

Cardano is working on features that support long-term growth. Its Hydra scaling solution had good results in a late 2024 test where it processed up to 1 million transactions per second. This is progress in scaling the network without modifying its core.

Cardano正在研究支持长期增长的功能。在2024年后期的测试中，其Hydra缩放解决方案在每秒处理高达100万件交易中都具有良好的效果。这是扩展网络而不修改其核心的进展。

Currently, Ethereum has about 120.6 million ETH in circulation with no fixed supply cap. Cardano has about 36 billion ADA in circulation, with a capped supply of 45 billion.

目前，以太坊的流通量约为1.206亿ETH，没有固定供应上限。 Cardano的流通量约为360亿ADA，上限为450亿。

In fact, ETH is known much more than ADA but ADA provides very competitive entry costs and has relatively low risks compared to certain markets.

实际上，ETH比ADA众所周知，但是ADA提供了非常有竞争力的入境成本，与某些市场相比，风险相对较低。