什么是比特币 (BTC) 及其工作原理？初学者指南

自 2009 年由神秘的中本聪开发以来，比特币已成为加密货币和金融科技领域的基础。

Bitcoin, introduced in 2009 by the enigmatic Satoshi Nakamoto, has become a cornerstone of the cryptocurrency and fintech landscape. As the first decentralized cryptocurrency, Bitcoin has spurred immense growth in blockchain technology, becoming the most visible and widely adopted coin in the market. Facilitating seamless transactions on the blockchain, Bitcoin has been adopted as legal tender in some countries and is used globally for a diverse range of applications.

比特币由神秘的中本聪于 2009 年推出，现已成为加密货币和金融科技领域的基石。作为第一个去中心化的加密货币，比特币刺激了区块链技术的巨大增长，成为市场上最引人注目和广泛采用的货币。比特币促进了区块链上的无缝交易，已在一些国家被采用为法定货币，并在全球范围内用于各种应用。

Currently, Bitcoin is utilized by people worldwide for various services. Notably, Bitcoin has been adopted not only as legal currency in El Salvador but also for every day transactions—for instance, trading a pizza from Papa John’s or depositing funds at online casinos and sports betting websites.

目前，比特币被世界各地的人们用于各种服务。值得注意的是，比特币不仅在萨尔瓦多被采用为法定货币，而且还被用于日常交易——例如，交易棒约翰披萨或在在线赌场和体育博彩网站存入资金。

Bitcoin's value lies in its enhanced privacy, cryptographic security, and the development of encrypted wallets that ensure safe transactions on a global scale. Let’s dive into how Bitcoin works, how to use it, and the best ways to keep it secure:

比特币的价值在于其增强的隐私性、加密安全性以及确保全球范围内安全交易的加密钱包的开发。让我们深入了解比特币的工作原理、使用方法以及保证其安全的最佳方法：

What is Bitcoin (BTC) & How Does it Work?

什么是比特币 (BTC) 及其工作原理？

Despite being around for over a decade, newcomers may still wonder, “what is bitcoin?” In simple terms, Bitcoin is a decentralized digital currency that operates independently of any central bank. Instead of relying on a traditional financial institution, Bitcoin transactions are verified by networked computers through a process known as mining, which involves solving complex mathematical problems. Once mined, Bitcoin can be transferred directly to others or used for purchases with bitcoin-accepting vendors, with each transaction being recorded on a public ledger—the blockchain.

尽管比特币已经存在十多年了，但新手可能仍然想知道“比特币是什么？”简单来说，比特币是一种去中心化的数字货币，独立于任何中央银行运作。比特币交易不依赖传统的金融机构，而是由联网计算机通过称为“挖矿”的过程进行验证，该过程涉及解决复杂的数学问题。一旦开采出来，比特币就可以直接转移给其他人，或者用于向接受比特币的供应商购买，每笔交易都记录在公共分类账（区块链）上。

This decentralized, peer-to-peer system ensures that all Bitcoin transactions are transparent yet pseudonymous. Even though each transaction is publicly available on the blockchain, the identities of the transacting parties can remain concealed.

这种去中心化的点对点系统确保所有比特币交易都是透明且匿名的。尽管每笔交易都是在区块链上公开的，但交易方的身份仍然可以被隐藏。

How to Use Bitcoin Online

如何在线使用比特币

Before first buying and using bitcoin, you will need to set up a wallet in which to store it. Here's a simple guide to start using Bitcoin:

在首次购买和使用比特币之前，您需要设置一个钱包来存储它。这是开始使用比特币的简单指南：

Set Up a Wallet: Choose a secure Bitcoin wallet for your needs. You’ll need both a public key (like an account number) for receiving funds and a private key (like a password) for authorizing transactions. Many hot wallets and cold wallets are available, each with its pros and cons for different users.

设置钱包：选择适合您需求的安全比特币钱包。您需要用于接收资金的公钥（如帐号）和用于授权交易的私钥（如密码）。有许多热钱包和冷钱包可供选择，每种钱包对于不同的用户来说都有其优缺点。

Find Vendors that Accept Bitcoin: Many online services and products now accept Bitcoin, although some may only accept other cryptocurrencies. Once you’ve found a vendor, you can use your wallet to send Bitcoin directly for goods or services.

寻找接受比特币的供应商：许多在线服务和产品现在都接受比特币，尽管有些可能只接受其他加密货币。找到供应商后，您可以使用钱包直接发送比特币购买商品或服务。

Send Bitcoin to Other Users: Bitcoin transfers are similar to traditional bank transfers, though they remain independent of banks. Ask the recipient for their wallet address, then transfer funds directly to their wallet.

将比特币发送给其他用户：比特币转账与传统银行转账类似，但仍然独立于银行。询问收款人的钱包地址，然后将资金直接转入他们的钱包。

How to Store Bitcoin Safely

如何安全存储比特币

When using Bitcoin, securing your funds is critical. Here are key wallet types and best practices for safe Bitcoin storage:

使用比特币时，保护您的资金至关重要。以下是安全比特币存储的关键钱包类型和最佳实践：

Hot Wallets: These are digital wallets connected to the internet, such as mobile or web apps. Hot wallets are convenient for frequent transactions but are more vulnerable to cyber threats. When using hot wallets, consider diversifying to reduce risk.

热钱包：这些是连接到互联网的数字钱包，例如移动或网络应用程序。热钱包方便频繁交易，但更容易受到网络威胁。使用热钱包时，请考虑多样化以降低风险。

Cold Wallets: Cold wallets, like hardware wallets, are offline storage solutions, ideal for long-term holdings. These wallets are disconnected from the internet, making them less accessible to potential hackers. While they’re more secure, they can be less convenient for immediate transactions.

冷钱包：冷钱包与硬件钱包一样，是离线存储解决方案，非常适合长期持有。这些钱包与互联网断开连接，因此潜在的黑客更难访问它们。虽然它们更安全，但即时交易可能不太方便。

Seed Phrases and Private Keys: When you set up a wallet, you’ll often receive a seed phrase—a recovery phrase that enables you to restore your funds if you lose access to your wallet. It’s essential to keep both your seed phrase and private key secure and offline. The public key can be shared with anyone for receiving Bitcoin, but the private key must remain private to ensure the safety of your funds.

种子短语和私钥：当您设置钱包时，您通常会收到种子短语，这是一种恢复短语，可让您在无法访问钱包时恢复资金。确保助记词和私钥的安全和离线状态至关重要。公钥可以与任何人共享以接收比特币，但私钥必须保持私密，以确保您的资金安全。

Why You Should Use Bitcoin

为什么你应该使用比特币

There are many reasons why people choose to use Bitcoin, and here are some of the most popular benefits:

人们选择使用比特币的原因有很多，以下是一些最受欢迎的好处：

Bitcoin: The Future of Finance

比特币：金融的未来

Bitcoin offers a decentralized, secure method of conducting transactions that emphasizes user control, privacy, and a simplified financial process. As Bitcoin continues to grow in use and adoption, learning how to use and store it safely has never been more critical. Following these best practices can help you protect your assets and enjoy the benefits of this revolutionary digital currency.

比特币提供了一种去中心化、安全的交易方法，强调用户控制、隐私和简化的财务流程。随着比特币的使用和采用不断增长，学习如何安全地使用和存储比特币变得前所未有的重要。遵循这些最佳实践可以帮助您保护您的资产并享受这种革命性数字货币的好处。

The views and opinions expressed herein are the views and opinions of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of Nasdaq, Inc.

本文表达的观点和意见是作者的观点和意见，并不一定反映纳斯达克公司的观点和意见。