Avalanche完成2.5亿美元融资以促进Avalanche9000升级

12 月 12 日，Avalanche 宣布已通过锁定代币销售完成 2.5 亿美元融资。 Galaxy Digital、Dragonfly、ParaFi Capital领投，SkyBridge、SCB Limited、Hivemind、Big Brain Holdings、Hypersphere、Lvna Capital、Republic Capital、Morgan Creek Digital、FinTech Collective、CMCC Global、Superscrypt、Cadenza等40多家投资公司、Chorus One 和 Tané Labs 参与了投资。筹集的资金将用于促进名为“Avalanche9000”的升级。

Avalanche recently completed a $250 million financing through a locked token sale, which will be used to promote an upgrade called "Avalanche9000". Compared to the popular Memecoin, the progress of many old public chains has been overlooked in this bull market.

Avalanche 最近通过锁定代币销售完成了 2.5 亿美元融资，该融资将用于推广名为“Avalanche9000”的升级。相比热门的Memecoin，很多老牌公链的进步在这次牛市中被忽视了。

As early as the beginning of September, Avalanche announced the launch of the Avalanche9000 upgrade (or Etna upgrade), and regarded it as the "biggest upgrade" since its launch. Simply put, Avalanche hopes to change its original expansion form "subnet" through Avalanche9000 and build it into Avalanche L1. According to Avalanche, Avalanche9000 will allow new Avalanche L1 custom staking, gas tokens, and governance while retaining the advantages of fast termination time and high throughput of the subnet. But specifically, how can this upgrade be achieved?

早在9月初，Avalanche就宣布推出Avalanche9000升级版（或称Etna升级版），并将其视为推出以来“最大的升级版”。简单来说，Avalanche希望通过Avalanche9000改变其原有的扩展形式“子网”，将其打造为Avalanche L1。据 Avalanche 称，Avalanche9000 将允许新的 Avalanche L1 自定义质押、gas 代币和治理，同时保留快速终止时间和子网高吞吐量的优势。但具体来说，这个升级如何实现呢？

As one of the original "Ethereum killers", Avalanche started the "subnet road" in 2022, allowing various applications to create their own application chains. However, to become a subnet validator, you need to verify the Avalanche main network (Primary Network) at the same time, including the contract chain (C-Chain), platform chain (P-Chain) and transaction chain (X-Chain). This means that the validator must allocate at least 8 AWS vCPUs, 16 GB RAM and 1 TB storage space for network verification, in addition to a minimum stake of 2,000 AVAX.

作为最初的“以太坊杀手”之一，Avalanche 在 2022 年开启了“子网之路”，让各种应用创建自己的应用链。但要成为子网验证者，需要同时验证Avalanche主网（Primary Network），包括合约链（C-Chain）、平台链（P-Chain）和交易链（X-Chain） 。这意味着验证者除了最低 2,000 AVAX 的权益外，还必须分配至少 8 个 AWS vCPU、16 GB RAM 和 1 TB 存储空间用于网络验证。

At first, this requirement may not be too high, but as AVAX appreciates (AVAX price is around $52 at the time of writing), the overall operating cost will become higher and higher (the minimum staking requirement can be lowered, but frequent changes may not be Avalanche's consideration). In the long run, such a high entry barrier will affect the adoption of the Avalanche ecosystem.

起初这个要求可能不会太高，但随着 AVAX 升值（撰写本文时 AVAX 价格在 52 美元左右），整体运营成本会越来越高（最低质押要求可以降低，但频繁变动可能会导致不属于 Avalanche 的考虑范围）。从长远来看，如此高的进入门槛将影响Avalanche生态系统的采用。

Therefore, the Avalanche Foundation launched proposal ACP-77 in April, which aims to completely reform the creation and management of subnets and give subnet creators greater flexibility.

因此，Avalanche基金会于4月推出提案ACP-77，旨在彻底改革子网的创建和管理，赋予子网创建者更大的灵活性。

According to the proposal, Avalanche L1 validators will no longer need to validate the main network at the same time. They only need to synchronize with P-Chain, which will track changes in its own Avalanche L1 validator set and handle cross-L1 communication through AWM. In addition, Avalanche L1 can decide and implement its own verification rules and staking requirements, and P-Chain will no longer support the distribution of staking rewards for Avalanche L1. In other words, the sovereignty of Avalanche L1 returns from P-Chain to L1 itself.

根据该提案，Avalanche L1 验证器将不再需要同时验证主网络。它们只需要与 P-Chain 同步，P-Chain 将跟踪自己的 Avalanche L1 验证器集的变化，并通过 AWM 处理跨 L1 通信。此外，Avalanche L1可以决定并实施自己的验证规则和质押要求，P-Chain将不再支持Avalanche L1的质押奖励分配。换句话说，Avalanche L1的主权从P链回归到L1本身。

On the other hand, the proposal plans to change P-Chain's fee mechanism from a fixed fee per transaction to a dynamic fee that is more in line with the user-pays principle, thereby ensuring the long-term economic sustainability of Avalanche after the removal of the 2000 AVAX staking requirement. Specifically, the dynamic fee mechanism is related to multiple factors such as the total number of Avalanche L1 validators registered on P-Chain. Fees will be adjusted based on network usage, and fees will increase when the total number of Avalanche L1 validators exceeds the target usage rate, and vice versa.

另一方面，提案计划将P-Chain的收费机制从每笔交易的固定费用改为更符合用户付费原则的动态费用，从而保证移除后Avalanche的长期经济可持续性2000 AVAX 质押要求。具体来说，动态费用机制与P-Chain上注册的Avalanche L1验证人总数等多种因素有关。费用将根据网络使用情况进行调整，当 Avalanche L1 验证器总数超过目标使用率时，费用将增加，反之亦然。

In addition to the proposals in ACP-77, other implementation foundations of Avalanche9000 include two major interoperability protocols: Inter-Chain Token Transfer (ICTT) and Inter-Chain Messaging (ICM).

除了ACP-77中的提案外，Avalanche9000的其他实现基础包括两个主要的互操作协议：链间代币传输（ICTT）和链间消息传递（ICM）。

ICTT is a set of smart contracts deployed in multiple subnets based on the cross-chain communication protocol Teleporter and Avalanche Warp Messaging technology, allowing users to transfer tokens between subnets. Each token transferor consists of a "home" contract and at least one (or more) "remote" contract. The "home" contract is located in the subnet where the assets to be transferred are located. The "remote" contract exists in other subnets.

ICTT 是一套基于跨链通信协议 Teleporter 和 Avalanche Warp Messaging 技术部署在多个子网中的智能合约，允许用户在子网之间转移代币。每个代币转让方都由一个“本地”合约和至少一个（或多个）“远程”合约组成。 “家乡”合约位于待转移资产所在的子网中。 “远程”合约存在于其他子网中。

ICM is designed to enable seamless communication between C-Chain and new and existing Avalanche L1s. As long as a new L1 is deployed through Avalanche, it will be immediately supported and can interact with other L1s at any time. With ICM, developers only need to call sendCrossChainMessage on the TeleporterMessenger contract to send information from one Avlanche L1 to another. (Note: The Github technical documentation related to ICM has not yet been released. Interested students can refer to the relevant courses of Avalanche Academy.)

ICM 旨在实现 C-Chain 与新的和现有的 Avalanche L1 之间的无缝通信。只要通过Avalanche部署一个新的L1，它就会立即得到支持，并且可以随时与其他L1交互。使用 ICM，开发人员只需在 TeleporterMessenger 合约上调用 sendCrossChainMessage 即可将信息从一个 Avlanche L1 发送到另一个。 （注：ICM相关的Github技术文档尚未发布，有兴趣的同学可以参考Avalanche Academy的相关课程。）

From September 3rd to now, only more than three months have passed, but the progress of Avalanche9000 is not slow. In the month of the official announcement, the Avalanche Foundation announced the launch of two incentive programs, namely Bounty9000 with a maximum reward of US$9,000 and Retro9000, a retroactive incentive program of US$40 million, which aims to reward developers who develop L1 and related tools on Avalanche. On November 26, Avalanche9000 was upgraded and launched on the Fuji testnet,

从9月3日到现在，仅仅过去了三个多月的时间，但Avalanche9000的进展并不慢。在官宣当月，Avalanche基金会宣布启动两项激励计划，分别是最高奖励9000美元的Bounty9000和4000万美元的追溯激励计划Retro9000，旨在奖励开发L1及相关的开发者Avalanche 上的工具。 11月26日，Avalanche9000升级上线富士测试网，