美國將針對英偉達、中國和俄羅斯推出新的人工智慧晶片出口限制

拜登政府將推出最後一輪人工智慧（AI）晶片出口限制，目標是英偉達等公司。

The Biden administration is preparing to implement a final round of restrictions on the export of artificial intelligence (AI) chips, targeting companies like Nvidia Corp. The move is designed to limit the access of countries such as China and Russia to advanced AI technologies, amid rising concerns over national security and the global spread of AI. This policy shift could have significant implications for global tech dynamics and Nvidia’s position as the world’s leading AI chipmaker.

拜登政府正準備對人工智慧（AI）晶片實施最後一輪限制，目標是英偉達公司等公司。傳播的擔憂日益加劇。這項政策轉變可能會對全球科技動態以及英偉達作為全球領先人工智慧晶片製造商的地位產生重大影響。

A Three-Tiered System of Restrictions

三級限制體系

According to sources familiar with the matter, the upcoming regulations will introduce a three-tiered system that restricts the flow of AI chips worldwide. The highest tier will include US allies who will have almost unfettered access to American-made chips. Meanwhile, adversarial nations will be effectively blocked from importing these essential components. The majority of countries will face limits on the total computing power of AI chips they can import.

知情人士透露，即將出台的法規將引入三級制度，限制人工智慧晶片在全球的流動。最高層將包括美國的盟友，他們將幾乎不受限制地獲得美國製造的晶片。同時，敵對國家將被有效阻止進口這些重要零件。大多數國家可以進口的人工智慧晶片的總運算能力將受到限制。

However, there’s a way out for nations falling into the middle category. By agreeing to US government security protocols and human rights standards, countries could bypass the restrictions and gain higher caps on the AI chips they can acquire. This approach aims to establish a “trusted entity” list for AI development in secure environments.

然而，對於處於中間類別的國家來說，還有一條出路。透過同意美國政府的安全協議和人權標準，各國可以繞過限制並獲得更高的人工智慧晶片上限。該方法旨在為安全環境中的人工智慧開發建立「可信任實體」清單。

Nvidia’s Response to Export Restrictions

Nvidia 對出口限制的回應

Nvidia, which has been a leader in providing AI chips for global data centers, has expressed concern about these potential export limitations. The company argues that such a policy shift could harm economic growth and reduce the United States’ competitive edge. In a statement, Nvidia highlighted that accelerating computing, including AI, has already become a part of everyday applications worldwide.

英偉達一直是為全球資料中心提供人工智慧晶片的領導者，它對這些潛在的出口限製表示擔憂。該公司認為，這種政策轉變可能會損害經濟成長並降低美國的競爭優勢。英偉達在聲明中強調，包括人工智慧在內的加速運算已成為全球日常應用的一部分。

The semiconductor giant pointed out that restricting the export of chips to most of the world would do little to curb misuse but would instead undermine US leadership in the AI space. Nvidia further contended that the demand for accelerated computing solutions offers a tremendous opportunity for job creation and economic growth in the United States.

這家半導體巨頭指出，限制向世界大部分地區出口晶片無助於遏制濫用，反而會削弱美國在人工智慧領域的領導地位。英偉達進一步認為，對加速運算解決方案的需求為美國創造就業機會和經濟成長提供了巨大的機會。

Impact on Nvidia’s Stock and Market Outlook

對英偉達股票和市場前景的影響

Following news of the impending export restrictions, Nvidia’s stock experienced a slight dip, down by more than 1% in late trading. However, the chipmaker has seen strong performance this year, with shares up 4.3% through the close, building on substantial gains in 2023 and 2024. Despite the current dip, Nvidia remains the world’s most valuable chipmaker, and the global demand for AI technologies continues to surge.

在即將實施出口限制的消息傳出後，英偉達股價小幅下跌，尾盤跌幅超過 1%。然而，這家晶片製造商今年表現強勁，股價在2023 年和2024 年大幅上漲的基礎上，截至收盤上漲4.3%。智慧技術的需求持續成長激增。

Shifting the Global Tech Landscape

改變全球科技格局

The Biden administration’s strategy aims to concentrate AI development in countries that align with US standards, which could lead to a reshaping of the global tech landscape. By limiting access to critical semiconductor technologies for certain nations, the US seeks to maintain a technological edge over rival powers. However, the policy could also create new challenges, as countries outside the top tier may seek alternative sources for AI chips or pursue their own chip development programs.

拜登政府的策略旨在將人工智慧開發集中在符合美國標準的國家，這可能會重塑全球科技格局。透過限制某些國家獲得關鍵半導體技術，美國尋求保持相對於競爭對手的技術優勢。然而，該政策也可能帶來新的挑戰，因為頂級國家以外的國家可能會尋求人工智慧晶片的替代來源或追求自己的晶片開發計劃。

As the demand for AI chips continues to escalate across industries—from data centers and cloud services to autonomous vehicles and healthcare—the competition for access to the most advanced technologies is intensifying. The US is positioning itself to lead the way, but the global dynamics of AI chip development may look very different in the years to come.

隨著從資料中心和雲端服務到自動駕駛汽車和醫療保健等各行業對人工智慧晶片的需求不斷升級，對最先進技術的競爭正在加劇。美國將自己定位為引領者，但未來幾年人工智慧晶片開發的全球動態可能會大不相同。

While Nvidia stands at the forefront of this technological revolution, the evolving regulatory landscape poses challenges and opportunities that will shape the company’s future growth. The balance between national security, economic interests, and technological innovation will be key in determining how these export restrictions impact Nvidia and the broader AI ecosystem.

雖然英偉達站在這場技術革命的前沿，但不斷變化的監管環境帶來了挑戰和機遇，將塑造公司未來的成長。國家安全、經濟利益和技術創新之間的平衡將是決定這些出口限制如何影響英偉達和更廣泛的人工智慧生態系統的關鍵。