加密貨幣挖礦：終極指南

從解決複雜的數學難題到驅動一個自我維持的生態系統，加密貨幣挖礦的內部運作既複雜又令人著迷。其核心在於驗證新的加密貨幣交易並將其添加到區塊鏈中。擁抱加密貨幣挖礦世界類似於進入哈希率領域，這是一種解決加密難題的競爭性努力。想像一下一個數位礦山，但電腦硬體安裝在巨大的資料中心中，在解決決定每個新加密貨幣區塊命運的複雜數學問題迷宮時，它們的活動充滿活力。隨著挖礦之旅的展開，我們深入研究其複雜性，探索背後的機制，並揭示塑造市場的最新趨勢。加密貨幣挖礦作為區塊鏈生態系統的支柱，將信任和安全融入數位交易的結構中，證明了數學的力量。

Have you ever been curious about the inner mining work of cryptocurrency? Welcome to the world of crypto mining, a complex system powered by hash rates, a competitive endeavor to solve cryptographic puzzles, and, indeed, a lot of mathematics.

您是否曾經對加密貨幣的內部挖礦工作感到好奇？歡迎來到加密貨幣挖礦的世界，這是一個由哈希率驅動的複雜系統，是解決加密難題的競爭性努力，而且實際上還涉及大量數學。

If you’re picturing a conventional mine, it’s time to think again. Although crypto mining might evoke images of the 19th-century gold rush, that’s pretty much where the similarities end. Instead of mining tunnels and picks, imagine crypto mining farms as extensive areas filled with computer hardware housed in data centers.

如果您正在想像一個傳統的礦山，那麼是時候重新考慮一下了。儘管加密貨幣挖礦可能會讓人想起 19 世紀淘金熱的景象，但相似之處僅止於此。將加密礦場想像成資料中心內充滿電腦硬體的廣闊區域，而不是採礦隧道和鎬。

But what’s the mechanism behind it? Prepare for a quick dive into crypto mining. We’ll guide you through its basics, the process, and the latest trends in the market.

但這背後的機制是什麼？準備快速深入加密貨幣挖礦。我們將引導您了解其基礎知識、流程和市場的最新趨勢。

Introduction to Crypto Mining

Crypto mining plays a crucial role in validating and appending new cryptocurrency transactions to the blockchain. This involves solving a highly complex mathematical problem. Crypto miners compete to solve this puzzle.

加密貨幣挖礦簡介加密貨幣挖礦在驗證新的加密貨幣交易並將其添加到區塊鏈方面發揮著至關重要的作用。這涉及解決高度複雜的數學問題。加密貨幣礦工競相解決這個難題。

The miner who successfully solves the problem first is rewarded with a portion of the cryptocurrency. After a solution is found, the cycle begins anew. Having more miners increases the potential for profit.

首先成功解決問題的礦工將獲得部分加密貨幣的獎勵。找到解決方案後，循環重新開始。擁有更多的礦工會增加利潤的潛力。

This system is ingeniously designed to maintain the blockchain’s security and integrity. Meanwhile, miners are compensated with the very cryptocurrency they help to mine, creating a self-sustaining ecosystem.

該系統的設計巧妙，旨在維護區塊鏈的安全性和完整性。同時，礦工們將獲得他們幫助開採的加密貨幣作為補償，從而創造一個自我維持的生態系統。

Definition And Core Concepts

Cryptocurrency mining is a competitive activity that involves verifying and appending new transactions to a blockchain for cryptocurrencies that adopt the proof-of-work (PoW) or a similar consensus mechanism. Bitcoin and the initial version of Ethereum are prime instances of cryptocurrencies utilizing PoW.

定義和核心概念加密貨幣挖礦是一項競爭性活動，涉及驗證新交易並將其附加到採用工作量證明（PoW）或類似共識機制的加密貨幣區塊鏈中。比特幣和以太坊的初始版本是利用 PoW 的加密貨幣的主要實例。

Participants in this process are known as “miners.” The successful miner in this contest receives transaction fees and a specified quantity of the cryptocurrency as rewards.

這個過程的參與者被稱為「礦工」。在本次比賽中成功的礦工將獲得交易費和指定數量的加密貨幣作為獎勵。

Historical Background and Evolution

Since Bitcoin’s introduction in 2009, cryptocurrency has revolutionized traditional financial systems, with mining evolving from a hobby for enthusiasts to a profitable global industry. Bitcoin mining, which generates new coins by validating transactions on the blockchain, relies on the Proof of Work (PoW) consensus algorithm. This requires miners to solve complex cryptographic puzzles to validate transactions and earn bitcoin rewards. The process of verifying transactions is known as “hashing” a block.

歷史背景和演變自 2009 年比特幣問世以來，加密貨幣徹底改變了傳統金融體系，挖礦從愛好者的愛好發展成為全球獲利的產業。比特幣挖礦透過驗證區塊鏈上的交易來產生新的硬幣，依賴工作量證明（PoW）共識演算法。這需要礦工解決複雜的加密難題來驗證交易並賺取比特幣獎勵。驗證交易的過程稱為「雜湊」區塊。

CPUs

The network’s hash rate, and consequently its security, increases as more powerful mining equipment is added, making it harder for attackers to compromise the system. Over time, advancements in technology have significantly enhanced mining efficiency and profitability. Initially, mining could be done on a regular computer’s CPU, but as the network grew and the mining difficulty increased, miners moved to more powerful hardware, including GPUs, and later to even more specialized equipment like FPGAs and ASICs.

CPU隨著更強大的挖礦設備的添加，網路的哈希率及其安全性也會提高，使攻擊者更難破壞系統。隨著時間的推移，技術的進步顯著提高了採礦效率和獲利能力。最初，挖礦可以在普通電腦的 CPU 上完成，但隨著網路的發展和挖礦難度的增加，礦工轉向更強大的硬件，包括 GPU，後來轉向更專業的設備，如 FPGA 和 ASIC。

GPUs, FPGAs & ASICs

The transition to GPUs marked a significant evolution, improving efficiency and profitability by allowing for faster mining. Eventually, the advent of ASICs further increased mining competition, making it an activity dominated by large mining pools due to their higher efficiency and lower energy consumption.

GPU、FPGA 和 ASIC 向 GPU 的過渡標誌著重大演變，透過實現更快的挖礦速度來提高效率和獲利能力。最終，ASIC 的出現進一步加劇了挖礦競爭，由於其更高的效率和更低的能耗，使其成為由大型礦池主導的活動。

Cloud-based Mining

As mining became more competitive and resource-intensive, the cost of mining a single bitcoin soared, making it impractical for individuals without access to large resources. In response, cloud-based mining services emerged, offering users the chance to participate in mining without owning expensive hardware, exemplified by services launched by companies like Binance and other providers. This evolution reflects the continuous growth and increasing complexity of the cryptocurrency mining sector.

基於雲端的挖礦隨著挖礦變得更具競爭力和資源密集型，開採單一比特幣的成本飆升，對於無法獲得大量資源的個人來說變得不切實際。為此，基於雲端的挖礦服務應運而生，為用戶提供了無需擁有昂貴硬體即可參與挖礦的機會，幣安等公司和其他供應商推出的服務就是例證。這種演變反映了加密貨幣挖礦行業的持續成長和複雜性的增加。

Why Crypto Needs Miners

Cryptocurrency mining is essential for the operation and security of blockchain networks, particularly those using a Proof of Work (PoW) consensus mechanism. Here’s a concise overview of why miners/ Bitcoin miners are crucial:

為什麼加密貨幣需要礦工加密貨幣挖礦對於區塊鏈網路的運作和安全至關重要，特別是那些使用工作量證明（PoW）共識機制的網路。以下簡要概述了為什麼礦工/比特幣礦工至關重要：

The Role of Miners in the Cryptocurrency Ecosystem

Decentralization

Mining supports the decentralized nature of cryptocurrencies. Distributed across the globe, miners help maintain a system free from central authority control, upholding the blockchain’s integrity.

礦工在加密貨幣生態系統中的角色去中心化挖礦支持加密貨幣的去中心化性質。礦工分佈在全球各地，幫助維護一個不受中央機構控制的系統，維護區塊鏈的完整性。

Block Creation

Through mining, new blocks are added to the blockchain, recording transactions and generating new cryptocurrency units as rewards for miners. This incentivizes participation and supports the currency’s supply mechanism.

區塊創建透過挖礦，新的區塊被添加到區塊鏈中，記錄交易並產生新的加密貨幣單位作為礦工的獎勵。這激勵了參與並支持了貨幣的供應機制。

Securing the Network and Verifying Transactions

Miners validate transactions, ensuring their legitimacy and preventing issues like double-spending. This process secures the network and builds trust in the cryptocurrency. Miners are key to achieving consensus within the network, agreeing on the valid blockchain version and keeping the system synchronized and secure.

保護網路和驗證交易礦工驗證交易，確保其合法性並防止雙重支出等問題。此流程可保護網路並建立對加密貨幣的信任。礦工是在網路內達成共識、就有效的區塊鏈版本達成一致並保持系統同步和安全的關鍵。

The computational work required for mining makes it prohibitively expensive to attack the network, enhancing overall security.  

挖礦所需的運算工作使得攻擊網路的成本過高，從而增強了整體安全性。

Key Components of Crypto Mining

Crypto mining fundamentally depends on powerful computer equipment and substantial electrical power. Beyond these basics, the process becomes increasingly complex. The technical jargon and intricate nature of cryptocurrency can be daunting for many people, and mining is no exception to this trend.

加密貨幣挖礦的關鍵組成部分加密貨幣挖礦從根本上依賴強大的電腦設備和大量電力。除了這些基礎知識之外，這個過程變得越來越複雜。加密貨幣的技術術語和複雜的性質可能會讓許多人望而生畏，挖礦也不例外。

To bridge this gap, we’ve distilled the most prevalent terminology into straightforward language, aiming to turn you into a mining expert quickly.  

為了彌補這一差距，我們將最受歡迎的術語提煉成簡單的語言，旨在讓您快速成為採礦專家。

Mining Hardware: From Basics to Advanced 

To engage in mining, investing in a top-tier graphics processing unit (GPU), also known as a video card, for your computer or a specialized mining device known as an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) is essential. The price for capable GPUs usually falls between $1,000 and $2,000, while ASICs can be significantly more expensive, reaching into the tens of thousands of dollars.

挖礦硬體：從基礎到進階要參與挖礦，請為您的電腦投資頂級圖形處理單元 (GPU)（也稱為視訊卡）或稱為專用積體電路 (ASIC) 的專用挖礦設備） 是必必不可少的。有能力的 GPU 的價格通常在 1,000 美元到 2,000 美元之間，而 ASIC 的價格可能要貴得多，達到數萬美元。

Currently, the majority of Bitcoin’s mining network hashing power is concentrated in ASIC-based mining farms and groups of individual miners working together. The ASICs of today are exponentially more powerful than traditional CPUs or GPUs, continuously improving in hashing power and energy efficiency with each new chip iteration. For a considerable investment exceeding $11,000, it’s possible to mine at a rate of 335 tera hashes per second (TH/s) for just 16.0 joules per terahash (equivalent to 16 watts per trillion hashes). Although there are more budget-friendly options available, the general rule is: the higher the investment, the quicker the hashing rate.

目前，比特幣挖礦網路的大部分算力都集中在基於 ASIC 的礦場和一起工作的個體礦工群體中。現今的 ASIC 比傳統 CPU 或 GPU 的功能強大得多，每次新晶片迭代都會不斷提高哈希能力和能源效率。對於超過 11,000 美元的大量投資，可以以每秒 335 兆哈希值 (TH/s) 的速度進行挖礦，每兆哈希值僅需 16.0 焦耳（相當於每萬億哈希值 16 瓦）。儘管有更多預算友好的選擇，但一般規則是：投資越高，哈希率越快。

The Bitmain Antminer S19 Pro stands out as one of the premier choices for Bitcoin mining work. Despite its higher price point compared to other devices on this list, it boasts an impressive hash rate of 110 terahashes per second (Th/s).

比特大陸螞蟻礦機 S19 Pro 脫穎而出，成為比特幣挖礦工作的首選之一。儘管與此列表中的其他設備相比，其價格較高，但它擁有每秒 110 兆兆哈希 (Th/s) 的令人印象深刻的哈希率。

Understanding Mining Software and Platforms

Cryptocurrency mining software enables the generation of new digital currencies by solving complex mathematical problems and integrating components into an existing blockchain infrastructure. When miners successfully create a new cryptocurrency, it is authenticated and awarded to them as an incentive for their contribution to the blockchain network. Specifically, Bitcoin mining software is tailored for mining Bitcoin (BTC), a leading digital currency, using the computational power of either a computer’s graphics processing unit (GPU) or specialized hardware known as application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) to carry out the necessary calculations and aid in the discovery of new blocks.

了解挖礦軟體和平台加密貨幣挖礦軟體透過解決複雜的數學問題並將組件整合到現有的區塊鏈基礎設施中，可以產生新的數位貨幣。當礦工成功創建一種新的加密貨幣時，它會被驗證並獎勵給他們，作為他們對區塊鏈網路貢獻的激勵。具體來說，比特幣挖礦軟體專為挖掘比特幣（BTC）（一種領先的數位貨幣）而定制，使用電腦圖形處理單元（GPU）或稱為專用集成電路（ASIC）的專用硬體的計算能力來執行必要的計算並幫助發現新的區塊。

This software is essential for crypto miners to efficiently utilize their computing power, offering compatibility with different algorithms, options for hardware setup, easy-to-navigate interfaces, and support for joining mining pools. Today, the majority of crypto mining operations occur within mining pools, which are collective networks that pool computing resources to increase the chances of earning rewards, which are then distributed among participants. Additionally, some systems allocate the resources of a local server to support these mining pools. Enterprises can leverage these mining tools to create their own cryptocurrency.

該軟體對於加密礦工有效利用其運算能力至關重要，它提供與不同演算法的兼容性、硬體設定選項、易於導航的介面以及對加入礦池的支援。如今，大多數加密貨幣挖礦操作都發生在礦池中，礦池是一種集體網絡，匯集計算資源以增加獲得獎勵的機會，然後將獎勵分配給參與者。此外，一些系統分配本地伺服器的資源來支援這些礦池。企業可以利用這些挖礦工具來創造自己的加密貨幣。

The Importance of Electricity and Cost Efficiency

The importance of electricity and cost efficiency in cryptocurrency mining cannot be overstated, as these factors are pivotal to the profitability and sustainability of mining operations. Cryptocurrency mining is a process that involves validating transactions and adding them to the blockchain ledger, as well as releasing new coins into circulation. This process requires substantial computational power, which in turn demands a significant amount of electricity. As such, electricity consumption and cost efficiency are central to the economic and environmental aspects of crypto mining.

電力和成本效率的重要性電力和成本效率在加密貨幣挖礦中的重要性怎麼強調都不為過，因為這些因素對於挖礦業務的獲利能力和永續性至關重要。加密貨幣挖礦是一個涉及驗證交易並將其添加到區塊鏈分類帳以及將新硬幣釋放到流通中的過程。這個過程需要大量的運算能力，進而需要大量的電力。因此，電力消耗和成本效率對於加密貨幣挖礦的經濟和環境方面至關重要。

Variations in energy costs can significantly affect the profitability of cryptocurrency mining operations. Typically, the machinery used in mining is powered by fossil fuels. However, some professional mining firms may operate their own renewable energy sources, such as wind or solar farms, to fuel their operations.

能源成本的變化會顯著影響加密貨幣挖礦業務的獲利能力。通常，採礦中使用的機械由化石燃料提供動力。然而，一些專業採礦公司可能會經營自己的再生能源，例如風能或太陽能發電場，為其營運提供燃料。

The Mechanics of Mining

Mining is a detailed process, but simply put, it involves recording transactions between wallets into a blockchain block, which includes the addresses and amounts transferred. This block is given specific information and then processed through a cryptographic method known as “hashing.” Hashing transforms all the block’s data into a 64-digit hexadecimal number known as a hash.

挖礦的機制挖礦是一個詳細的過程，但簡單地說，它涉及將錢包之間的交易記錄到區塊鏈塊中，其中包括地址和傳輸的金額。該區塊被賦予特定訊息，然後透過稱為「散列」的加密方法進行處理。哈希將區塊的所有資料轉換為 64 位元十六進制數，稱為哈希。

Explaining the Hash and Proof-of-Work

Here’s an example of a hash:

解釋哈希和工作量證明這裡是哈希的範例：

0000000000000000057fcc708cf0130d95e27c5819203e9f967ac56e4df598ee

0000000000000000057fcc708cf0130d95e27c5819203e9f967ac56e4df598ee

Notice that the sequence above contains 64 characters, a mix of both digits and letters. This combination might seem unusual at first glance, especially since we’re accustomed to numbers being just digits.

請注意，上面的序列包含 64 個字符，是數字和字母的混合。乍一看，這種組合可能看起來很不尋常，特別是因為我們已經習慣了數字只是數字。

Normally, we operate within the decimal system, which is based on powers of 10, leading to every digit in a number having ten potential values, from zero to nine. For example, in percentages, 1% is equivalent to 0.01, demonstrating the decimal system’s base-10 nature.

通常，我們使用十進制系統，該系統基於 10 的冪，導致數字中的每個數字都有十個潛在值，從零到九。例如，在百分比中，1% 相當於 0.01，展示了十進制系統以 10 為底的性質。

However, the hash mentioned is not in decimal but in hexadecimal format, which is a base-16 system. The term “hexadecimal” comes from “hex,” meaning six in Greek, and “deca,” meaning ten, signifying the 16 unique symbols used in this system. Since our usual numeral system only provides ten symbols (0 through 9), the hexadecimal system extends it by adding the letters A through F to represent values ten through fifteen, allowing for 16 different symbols in total.

然而，提到的雜湊值不是十進制的，而是十六進位格式，這是一個以 16 為基數的系統。 「十六進位」一詞源自於「hex」（希臘文的「六」）和「deca」（十），表示該系統中使用的 16 個獨特符號。由於我們通常的數字系統僅提供十個符號（0 到 9），因此十六進位系統透過添加字母 A 到 F 來擴展它，以表示值 10 到 15，總共允許 16 個不同的符號。

On the other hand, Proof of Work (PoW) is a consensus mechanism used by some blockchain networks to secure transactions and create new blocks. In essence, it requires participants (called miners) to solve complex mathematical puzzles that demand significant computational resources. The first miner to solve the puzzle gets the right to add a new block to the blockchain and is rewarded with cryptocurrency, such as Bitcoin.

另一方面，工作量證明（PoW）是一些區塊鏈網路用來保護交易和創建新區塊的共識機制。本質上，它要求參與者（稱為礦工）解決需要大量計算資源的複雜數學難題。第一個解決難題的礦工有權在區塊鏈中添加新區塊，並獲得加密貨幣（例如比特幣）獎勵。

This process not only validates and records transactions securely but also prevents fraud and double-spending. The difficulty of these puzzles is adjusted dynamically to ensure that the rate of block creation remains steady, despite fluctuations in the network’s computing power. PoW is crucial for maintaining the integrity and trustworthiness of the blockchain, but it’s also criticized for its high energy consumption.

此過程不僅可以安全地驗證和記錄交易，還可以防止詐欺和雙重支出。這些謎題的難度會動態調整，以確保儘管網路運算能力發生波動，區塊創建速度仍保持穩定。 PoW對於維護區塊鏈的完整性和可信性至關重要，但也因其高能耗而受到批評。

Target Hash, Nonce, and Mining Difficulty

Miners engage in a process of trial and error to discover a number that falls below a predetermined hash threshold, known as the target hash. This target hash, a hexadecimal figure, is established in such a way as to average out the required attempts.

目標哈希、隨機數和挖掘難度礦工透過反覆試驗的過程來發現低於預定哈希閾值（稱為目標哈希）的數字。此目標雜湊是一個十六進制數字，其建立方式是為了平均所需的嘗試。

This trial process involves the incorporation of “nonces” into the data undergoing the hashing procedure. A “nonce” stands for a “number only used once,” serving as the crucial element for producing these 64-bit hexadecimal figures.

此試驗過程涉及將「隨機數」合併到正在進行雜湊過程的資料中。 “nonce”代表“僅使用一次的數字”，是產生這些 64 位十六進制數字的關鍵元素。

Hashing a set of data consistently yields identical results unless alterations occur. Hence, the mining algorithm initially processes the block data with a nonce set to zero. Should this attempt not meet the criteria, the nonce value is incrementally adjusted by one, followed by another hash computation. This cycle persists until a hash value lower than the target hash emerges.

除非發生更改，否則雜湊一組資料始終會產生相同的結果。因此，挖掘演算法最初處理區塊資料時將隨機數設為零。如果此嘗試不符合標準，則隨機數值將遞增調整 1，然後進行另一次雜湊計算。這個循環一直持續到出現低於目標雜湊值的雜湊值為止。

Mining Difficulty: In the context of cryptocurrencies that adopt the Proof-of-Work (PoW) mechanism for validation, the generation of new units of the currency involves participants, known as “miners,” dedicating their computing resources to cracking intricate mathematical challenges. Specifically, within the Bitcoin ecosystem, these miners’ machines—often referred to as nodes—accumulate individual transaction data into blocks at regular intervals of ten minutes, a duration fixed by Bitcoin’s protocol as the “block time.”

挖礦難度：在採用工作量證明（PoW）機制進行驗證的加密貨幣中，新貨幣單位的產生需要參與者（稱為「礦工」）投入其運算資源來解決複雜的數學挑戰。具體來說，在比特幣生態系統中，這些礦工的機器（通常稱為節點）每隔十分鐘將單個交易數據累積到區塊中，比特幣協議將這一持續時間固定為“區塊時間” 。

These computers then engage in a competitive effort to be the first to decipher a complex cryptographic puzzle, achieving validation for the newly assembled block to be added to the blockchain.

然後，這些計算機進行競爭，成為第一個破解複雜密碼難題的人，從而驗證要添加到區塊鏈的新組裝的區塊。

As the popularity of a cryptocurrency such as Bitcoin escalates, the network witnesses an increase in the count of computers contributing to this decentralized verification framework. Consequently, the collective computational strength, or “hash power,” of the network experiences a surge. This increase in participation and computational capacity is mirrored by an adjustment in what is known as the mining difficulty or simply “difficulty.”

隨著比特幣等加密貨幣的普及，網路見證了為這種去中心化驗證框架做出貢獻的電腦數量的增加。因此，網路的集體計算強度或「雜湊能力」經歷了激增。參與度和運算能力的增加反映在所謂的挖礦難度或簡稱「難度」的調整上。

The Bitcoin network is designed to recalibrate its mining difficulty after every 2,016 blocks have been successfully mined. This adjustment, which can be either an increase or decrease, is contingent upon the current scale of the mining network and the cumulative hash power. This ensures the network adapts to changing levels of participation and maintains a consistent block generation time.

比特幣網路的設計是在每成功開採 2,016 個區塊後重新調整其採礦難度。這種調整可以是增加也可以是減少，取決於目前挖礦網路的規模和累積算力。這確保網路適應不斷變化的參與程度並保持一致的區塊生成時間。

From Mining to Transaction Confirmation

After completing the initial setup, a miner must decide between joining a mining pool or mining solo. The next step involves solving intricate mathematical hash puzzles to authenticate transactions on the Bitcoin blockchain. Let’s explore how miners tackle these hash puzzles and verify transactions:

從挖礦到交易確認完成初始設定後，礦工必須決定是加入礦池還是單獨挖礦。下一步涉及解決複雜的數學哈希難題，以驗證比特幣區塊鏈上的交易。讓我們探討礦工如何解決這些哈希難題並驗證交易：

Within the Bitcoin network, each transaction prompts the creation of a cryptographic hash by mining software. This process aggregates transactions into a block using SHA-256 encryption, a one-way function that transforms any length of text into a 256-bit string. This organization of transactions into a Merkle tree, or hash tree, ensures that each leaf node represents the hash of a block, while non-leaf nodes contain the hashes of their respective child nodes.

在比特幣網路中，每筆交易都會提示挖礦軟體建立加密哈希。此過程使用 SHA-256 加密將交易聚合到一個區塊中，SHA-256 加密是一種單向函數，可將任意長度的文字轉換為 256 位元字串。這種將交易組織成 Merkle 樹或雜湊樹的方式，確保每個葉節點代表一個區塊的雜湊值，而非葉節點包含其各自子節點的雜湊。

Blocks are sequentially linked, forming a chain that references the memory addresses of preceding and subsequent blocks, each holding specific transaction details.

區塊按順序鏈接，形成一條引用先前和後續區塊的記憶體位址的鏈，每個區塊都保存特定的交易詳細資料。

Upon forming the Merkle tree, transaction data is compiled into blocks, each assigned a unique address through the proof-of-work (PoW) algorithm. A block must exhibit PoW to be considered valid, regulating the mining pace and safeguarding block integrity.

在形成默克爾樹後，交易資料被編譯成區塊，每個區塊透過工作量證明（PoW）演算法分配一個唯一的位址。區塊必須表現出 PoW 才能被視為有效，從而調節挖礦速度並保護區塊完整性。

Once transactions are verified, the block is appended to the Bitcoin blockchain, ready for mining. Miners then engage in solving a hash puzzle to authenticate a transaction, competing to identify a specific target hash based on the current mining difficulty.

一旦交易得到驗證，該區塊就會被附加到比特幣區塊鏈中，準備進行挖掘。然後，礦工們致力於解決哈希難題來驗證交易，並根據當前的挖掘難度競爭來識別特定的目標哈希。

This target, a 64-digit hexadecimal number, changes every 2,016 blocks to adjust mining difficulty, ensuring that blocks are mined at a consistent rate of one every ten minutes. The mining difficulty reflects how challenging it is to find a hash below this target value, while the hash rate measures a miner’s computational power in guesses per second.

這個目標是一個 64 位的十六進制數字，每 2,016 個區塊就會改變一次，以調整挖礦難度，確保區塊以每十分鐘一個的一致速率被開採。挖掘難度反映了找到低於該目標值的雜湊值的挑戰性，而哈希率則衡量礦工每秒猜測的運算能力。

Miners concentrate on appending a numerical sequence to the hashed content of the previous block. A new hash that meets or falls below the target hash is deemed the solution. Other miners and Bitcoin security nodes then validate the block’s accuracy. Once verified, the block joins the official Bitcoin blockchain.

礦工專注於將數字序列附加到前一個區塊的哈希內容中。滿足或低於目標哈希值的新哈希值被視為解決方案。然後其他礦工和比特幣安全節點驗證該區塊的準確性。一旦經過驗證，該區塊就會加入官方的比特幣區塊鏈。

The first miner to solve the puzzle receives the block reward (currently set at 6.25 BTC per block) and earns the right to record the transaction on the blockchain.

第一個解決該難題的礦工將獲得區塊獎勵（目前設定為每個區塊 6.25 BTC），並獲得在區塊鏈上記錄交易的權利。

Types of Mining Explained

Cryptocurrency mining is the backbone of many blockchain networks, enabling transactions to be verified and added to the blockchain ledger. It’s a process where participants, known as miners, use computational power to solve complex mathematical puzzles, thereby validating transactions and securing the network. There are several types of cryptocurrency mining, each with its unique characteristics and requirements.

挖礦類型解釋加密貨幣挖礦是許多區塊鏈網路的支柱，可以驗證交易並將其添加到區塊鏈分類帳中。在這個過程中，參與者（稱為礦工）使用運算能力來解決複雜的數學難題，從而驗證交易並保護網路。加密貨幣挖礦有多種類型，每種都有其獨特的特徵和要求。

Liquidity Mining and Cloud Mining

Liquidity mining stands as a cornerstone of decentralized finance (DeFi), employing a mechanism where individuals offer portions of their cryptocurrency holdings into diverse liquidity pools. In return, they earn tokens and transaction fees. These participants, termed liquidity providers (LPs), typically acquire an LP token, which can later be redeemed for a share of the platform’s trading fees. The allocation of fees is proportional to the liquidity contributed by each provider.

流動性挖礦和雲端挖礦流動性挖礦是去中心化金融（DeFi）的基石，它採用一種機制，讓個人將其持有的部分加密貨幣提供給不同的流動性池。作為回報，他們賺取代幣和交易費。這些參與者被稱為流動性提供者（LP），通常會獲得 LP 代幣，隨後可以將其兌換為平台交易費用的一部分。費用分配與每個提供者貢獻的流動性成正比。

On the other hand, Cloud mining utilizes cloud computing resources to generate blockchain-based cryptocurrencies. Cloud computing, a rapidly expanding technology trend, encompasses various computing services like processing power, server capacity, database management, software applications, and file storage, all accessible via the cloud. Companies providing these services typically charge based on usage, akin to paying for utilities such as water or electricity.

另一方面，雲端挖礦利用雲端運算資源產生基於區塊鏈的加密貨幣。雲端運算是一種快速發展的技術趨勢，涵蓋各種運算服務，例如處理能力、伺服器容量、資料庫管理、軟體應用程式和文件存儲，所有這些都可以透過雲端存取。提供這些服務的公司通常會根據使用情況收費，類似於支付水或電等公用事業費用。

Solo Mining vs. Pool Mining

Solo mining offers autonomy and control over mining operations. Miners work independently, attempting to validate and add blocks to the blockchain on their own. This approach is lauded for its perceived safety and stability. However, solo mining demands significant patience, a substantial investment in hardware, and formidable computational power, particularly as the hash complexities of major cryptocurrencies like ETH, BTC, and Dash continue to rise.

單獨採礦與池採礦單獨採礦提供了對採礦作業的自主權和控制權。礦工獨立工作，嘗試自行驗證區塊並將其添加到區塊鏈中。這種方法因其安全性和穩定性而受到稱讚。然而，單獨挖礦需要極大的耐心、對硬體的大量投資以及強大的計算能力，特別是在 ETH、BTC 和 Dash 等主要加密貨幣的哈希複雜性持續上升的情況下。

Pool mining involves miners combining their resources and computational power to increase their chances of earning rewards. Participants contribute their hashing power to a collective pool, with rewards distributed among members based on their contributions. While pool mining diminishes individual rewards as the pool size grows, it offers greater stability and fairness compared to solo mining. Pool mining requires less initial investment but necessitates joining forces with other miners.

礦池挖礦涉及礦工結合他們的資源和計算能力來增加他們獲得獎勵的機會。參與者將他們的算力貢獻給一個集體池，並根據他們的貢獻在成員之間分配獎勵。雖然隨著礦池規模的成長，礦池挖礦會減少個人獎勵，但與單獨挖礦相比，它提供了更大的穩定性和公平性。礦池挖礦需要較少的初始投資，但需要與其他礦工聯手。

Proof of Work vs. Proof of Stake: What’s the Difference?

Proof-of-stake and proof-of-work stand as pivotal consensus mechanisms within the realm of blockchain technology. Each serves to uphold the integrity of transactions, albeit through distinct methodologies, by incentivizing honest behavior and deterring fraudulent activities like double spending.

工作量證明與股權證明：有什麼區別？股權證明和工作量證明是區塊鏈技術領域的關鍵共識機制。儘管採用不同的方法，但每一項都旨在透過激勵誠實行為並阻止雙重支出等詐欺活動來維護交易的完整性。

To grasp the disparity between proof-of-work and proof-of-stake, a fundamental understanding of mining is essential. In proof-of-work, the verification of cryptocurrency transactions is achieved through mining activities, wherein computational resources are utilized to solve complex mathematical puzzles. Conversely, in proof of stake, validators are selected based on predefined criteria related to the amount of cryptocurrency, or “stake,” they commit to holding in the blockchain. This stake serves as collateral, enhancing the likelihood of being chosen as a validator.

為了掌握工作量證明和權益證明之間的差異，對挖礦有基本的了解是至關重要的。在工作量證明中，加密貨幣交易的驗證是透過挖掘活動來實現的，其中計算資源用於解決複雜的數學難題。相反，在權益證明中，驗證者是根據與他們承諾在區塊鏈中持有的加密貨幣數量或「權益」相關的預定義標準來選擇的。此權益作為抵押品，提高了被選為驗證者的可能性。

Regardless of the chosen mechanism, the overarching goal remains the same: to maintain decentralization and distribution within the cryptocurrency ecosystem. This decentralization ensures that transactions are openly visible and validated by nodes distributed across the global network of computers, thereby fortifying the security and reliability of the blockchain.

無論選擇何種機制，整體目標都是相同的：維持加密貨幣生態系統內的去中心化與分配。這種去中心化確保交易是公開可見的，並由分佈在全球電腦網路上的節點進行驗證，從而增強了區塊鏈的安全性和可靠性。

What You Need to Mine Bitcoin

Mining Bitcoin requires specialized equipment, abundant electricity, and a deep understanding of blockchain technology. In this brief overview, we’ll outline the essential components needed to embark on the journey of Bitcoin mining.

開採比特幣需要什麼 開採比特幣需要專門的設備、充足的電力以及對區塊鏈技術的深刻理解。在這篇簡短的概述中，我們將概述踏上比特幣挖礦之旅所需的基本組件。

Essential Hardware and Software

Large firms and pools control the majority of Bitcoin’s mining power. While it’s technically possible to mine Bitcoin with a personal computer equipped with the latest graphics processing units (GPUs), the chances of earning rewards are extremely slim. Even with a high-end GPU, your mining power would represent a tiny fraction of the network’s total. Joining a mining pool is essential to improve your chances. However, investing in hardware worth thousands of dollars may yield less than 0.001% of the network’s power, making it highly unlikely to recoup your investment due to the sheer competition in generating hashes.

基本硬體和軟體大型公司和礦池控制著比特幣的大部分挖礦能力。雖然從技術上講可以使用配備最新圖形處理單元（GPU）的個人電腦來挖掘比特幣，但獲得獎勵的機會極其渺茫。即使使用高階 GPU，您的挖礦能力也只佔網路總算力的一小部分。加入礦池對於提高您的機會至關重要。然而，投資價值數千美元的硬體可能產生的網路算力不到 0.001%，由於生成哈希值的競爭激烈，收回投資的可能性極小。

To engage in Bitcoin mining, you’ll need to invest in top-tier graphics processing units (GPUs) or application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs). Capable GPUs typically range from $1,000 to $2,000, while ASICs can cost tens of thousands of dollars. The majority of Bitcoin’s mining power now comes from ASIC mining farms and pooled individual miners, as these machines far surpass CPUs and GPUs in efficiency and power. ASICs continue to improve in performance and energy efficiency with each new generation of chips. While entry-level ASICs are available at lower prices, higher investments yield faster hashing speeds.

要參與比特幣挖礦，您需要投資頂級圖形處理單元 (GPU) 或專用積體電路 (ASIC)。具有功能的 GPU 通常價格在 1,000 美元到 2,000 美元之間，而 ASIC 的價格可能高達數萬美元。現在比特幣的大部分挖礦能力來自 ASIC 礦場和集合個體礦工，因為這些機器在效率和功率方面遠遠超過 CPU 和 GPU。隨著每一代新一代晶片的出現，ASIC 的效能和能源效率不斷提高。雖然入門級 ASIC 的價格較低，但較高的投資會帶來更快的哈希速度。

Calculating Potential Profitability

A miner’s revenue from cryptocurrency mining is calculated by the amount of crypto they produce times its market price. For instance, using equipment that mines 1 BTC every 10 days at a BTC market price of $50,000 would result in $50,000 revenue. However, mining income varies with factors like market price, mining difficulty, power costs, and equipment efficiency. Early Bitcoin mining yielded high revenues with basic hardware, but as mining became more complex and competitive, revenue per computing power decreased.

計算潛在的獲利能力礦工從加密貨幣挖礦中獲得的收入是透過他們生產的加密貨幣數量乘以其市場價格來計算。例如，使用每 10 天開採 1 BTC 的設備，以 50,000 美元的 BTC 市場價格計算，將帶來 50,000 美元的收入。然而，挖礦收益因市場價格、挖礦難度、電力成本、設備效率等因素而異。早期的比特幣挖礦透過基本硬體產生了高收入，但隨著挖礦變得更加複雜和競爭，單位運算能力的收入下降。

Exploring Mining Pools

Mining pools, managed by third-party operators, bring together groups of miners to collaborate. By pooling their resources and distributing rewards among all participants, miners increase their chances of receiving rewards compared to solo mining efforts.

探索礦池由第三方營運商管理的礦池將礦工群體聚集在一起進行協作。與單獨挖礦相比，透過集中資源並在所有參與者之間分配獎勵，礦工增加了獲得獎勵的機會。

How Mining Pools Work and Their Benefits

In a mining pool, participants combine processing power to find blocks and share rewards in the form of cryptocurrency. Rewards are distributed based on each participant’s contribution, known as shares. Individual miners provide proof of work through specialized software.

礦池的工作原理及其優勢在礦池中，參與者結合處理能力來尋找區塊並以加密貨幣的形式分享獎勵。獎勵是根據每個參與者的貢獻（稱為份額）分配的。個體礦工透過專門的軟體提供工作證明。

Solo mining is seldom profitable due to high resource requirements and low success rates. Mining pools level the playing field by reducing hardware and electricity costs for participants, increasing profitability, and sharing the burden of competition with large-scale mining operations.

由於資源需求高且成功率低，單獨挖礦很少有獲利。礦池透過降低參與者的硬體和電力成本、提高獲利能力以及分擔與大規模挖礦業務的競爭負擔來創造公平的競爭環境。

Choosing the Right Mining Pool

Choose Your Equipment: When mining cryptocurrency, ensure your equipment has sufficient power. While most computer systems have a GPU and CPU, GPU and CPU mining may not be as efficient as before due to increased demand. Consider investing in an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or multi-GPU system designed for mining. ASICs offer dedicated mining capabilities and outperform multi-GPU setups.

選擇合適的礦池選擇您的設備：挖掘加密貨幣時，請確保您的設備有足夠的電力。雖然大多數電腦系統都有 GPU 和 CPU，但由於需求增加，GPU 和 CPU 挖礦的效率可能不如以前。考慮投資專為挖礦而設計的專用積體電路 (ASIC) 或多 GPU 系統。 ASIC 提供專用挖礦功能，且效能優於多 GPU 設定。

Ensure Pool Transparency: Before joining a mining pool, verify its transparency and the integrity of its manager. Check the accuracy of the pool’s hash rate and investigate its reward schemes and payout methods. If you’re uncomfortable with the payment distribution, consider joining a different pool.

確保礦池透明度：在加入礦池之前，請先驗證其透明度及其管理者的完整性。檢查礦池算力的準確性並調查其獎勵方案和支付方式。如果您對付款分配感到不舒服，請考慮加入不同的池。

Check Pool Size and Power: A mining pool’s computational power directly influences its coin output over time. Larger pools typically mine faster due to their greater computational capability. However, smaller pools with updated ASIC equipment can compete with larger pools. Ultimately, pools with higher hash rates tend to perform better.

檢查礦池大小和算力：隨著時間的推移，礦池的運算能力會直接影響其代幣產出。由於運算能力更強，較大的礦池通常可以更快地挖掘。然而，配備更新的 ASIC 設備的較小池可以與較大池競爭。最終，哈希率較高的礦池往往表現較好。

Pick Your Pool and Start Mining: After researching, gathering equipment, and selecting a suitable pool, begin mining.

選擇你的礦池並開始挖礦：研究、收集設備並選擇合適的礦池後，開始挖礦。

The Economics of Crypto Mining

Mining is the process of validating and adding transactions to a blockchain, like Bitcoin. It involves economic factors such as incentives, costs, and its effect on the wider economy. Factors affecting crypto mining economics include crypto prices, mining difficulty, hardware and energy costs, as well as block rewards and transaction fees. This discussion covers the costs, revenues, and market trends of mining.

加密貨幣挖礦的經濟學挖礦是驗證交易並將其添加到區塊鏈（如比特幣）的過程。它涉及經濟因素，例如激勵、成本及其對更廣泛經濟的影響。影響加密貨幣挖礦經濟學的因素包括加密貨幣價格、挖礦難度、硬體和能源成本，以及區塊獎勵和交易費用。本討論涵蓋採礦的成本、收入和市場趨勢。

Costs vs. Rewards: Is Crypto Mining Profitable?

Is Bitcoin mining profitable? Well, Bitcoin mining’s apparent profitability is intricately linked to its underlying design by Satoshi Nakamoto. As the mining network’s power increases, so does the difficulty of solving the mathematical problem, ensuring a balance. Essentially, more miners mean tougher puzzles. This mechanism stabilizes Bitcoin’s issuance and prevents inflation by regulating the flow of new Bitcoins, aiming for a new block every ten minutes on average.

成本與回報：加密貨幣挖礦是否有利可圖？比特幣挖礦是否有利可圖？嗯，比特幣挖礦的明顯獲利能力與其中本聰的底層設計有著錯綜複雜的關聯。隨著挖礦網路算力的增加，解決數學問題的難度也隨之增加，以確保平衡。本質上，更多的礦工意味著更難的謎題。該機制透過調節新比特幣的流量來穩定比特幣的發行並防止通貨膨脹，目標是平均每十分鐘產生一個新區塊。

However, achieving profitability isn’t straightforward due to factors such as hash rate, block rewards, mining difficulty, electricity costs, pool fees, and Bitcoin’s market price, all impacting potential earnings.

然而，由於哈希率、區塊獎勵、挖礦難度、電力成本、礦池費用和比特幣市場價格等因素都會影響潛在收益，因此要實現獲利並不容易。

Cryptocurrency mining costs fall into several key areas:

加密貨幣挖礦成本分為幾個關鍵領域：

• Hardware costs: The investment in specialized equipment like ASICs significantly affects mining profitability.
• Energy expenses: High electricity use for powering computers makes energy costs one of the major expenses, impacting profitability based on local power rates.
• Cooling costs: Managing the heat from mining equipment is essential for maintaining hardware, with costs rising in warmer climates or large operations.
• Maintenance and repair costs: Regular upkeep and repairs are necessary for optimal equipment performance, adding to the overall costs.
• Transaction fees: In addition to block rewards, miners may earn transaction fees for processing transactions, which can vary and affect profitability.

How Long Does It Take to Mine Bitcoin?

In April 2024, the reward for Bitcoin mining is anticipated to decrease by 50% to 3.125 bitcoins every 10 minutes. By 2028, the mining reward will further reduce to 1.5 bitcoins every 10 minutes, and by 2032, the rate will decline to 0.78 Bitcoin for every 10 minutes of mining.

硬體成本：對ASIC 等專用設備的投資顯著影響採礦獲利能力。能源費用：為電腦供電的高耗電量使能源成本成為主要支出之一，影響當地電價的獲利能力。冷卻成本：管理採礦設備產生的熱量對於維護硬體至關重要，在氣候變暖或大型運營中成本會上升。維護和維修成本：定期維護和維修對於優化設備性能是必要的，這會增加總體成本。交易費用：除了區區塊獎勵外，礦工還可以獲得收入處理交易的交易費用可能會有所不同並影響盈利能力。開採比特幣需要多長時間？2024 年 4 月，比特幣開採的獎勵預計將減少50% 至每10分鐘3.125 個比特幣。到2028年，挖礦獎勵將進一步降低至每10分鐘1.5比特幣，到2032年，挖礦獎勵將下降至每10分鐘0.78比特幣。

Factors Affecting Mining Profitability

The connection between Bitcoin mining and its rewards ties closely to the desire for high profits. However, achieving profitability in mining isn’t always straightforward. Therefore, it’s important to evaluate and understand the following factors, which significantly influence mining profitability:

影響挖礦獲利能力的因素比特幣挖礦及其獎勵之間的關聯與對高利潤的渴望密切相關。然而，採礦業實現盈利並不總是那麼簡單。因此，評估並了解以下對挖礦獲利能力有顯著影響的因素非常重要：

• Hash rate
• Block rewards
• Mining difficulty
• Costs related to electricity and power consumption
• Fees associated with mining pools
• The market price of Bitcoin

Legal and Ethical Considerations

As the SEC recently approved spot Bitcoin ETF, investors and miners are wondering about the legality of Bitcoin mining. However, as many countries are yet to recognize Bitcoin as a legal thing, the US has no issue with Bitcoin mining.

算力區塊獎勵挖礦難度與電力和電力消耗相關的成本與礦池相關的費用比特幣的市場價格法律和道德考慮隨著SEC 最近批准現貨比特幣ETF，投資者和礦工對比特幣挖礦的合法性感到好奇。然而，由於許多國家尚未承認比特幣為合法事物，因此美國對比特幣開採沒有任何問題。

Is Bitcoin Mining Legal?

Bitcoin mining is considered legal in numerous places worldwide. Nonetheless, it remains illegal in certain countries, making it crucial to verify the legality of this activity within your own country prior to initiating mining operations.

比特幣挖礦合法嗎？比特幣挖礦在全球許多地方被認為是合法的。儘管如此，它在某些國家/地區仍然是非法的，因此在開始採礦作業之前驗證活動在自己國家/地區的合法性至關重要。

Environmental Concerns and Ethical Mining

Efforts to reduce the environmental impact of the cryptocurrency sector have intensified, particularly because of its substantial fossil fuel energy consumption. A recent report from the White House highlighted that the worldwide electrical consumption for mining cryptocurrencies ranges between 120 and 240 billion kilowatt-hours annually, surpassing the total energy usage of countries like Argentina or Australia.

環境問題和道德採礦減少加密貨幣產業對環境影響的努力已經加強，特別是因為其大量的化石燃料能源消耗。白宮最近的一份報告強調，全球每年用於開採加密貨幣的電力消耗在 1.2 至 2400 億千瓦時之間，超過了阿根廷或澳洲等國家的能源使用總量。

Since Bitcoin’s inception, its mining process has heavily relied on energy, much of which, for the first decade, took place in China where coal and other fossil fuels are main electricity sources. This significant energy use has drawn attention from environmentalists, with some claims comparing Bitcoin mining’s energy consumption to that of entire countries. However, Bitcoin supporters argue that mining predominantly uses renewable energy, citing studies based on mining pools’ self-reported data. Yet, the credibility of these claims is questioned due to the assumptions made and the lack of transparency in the data.

自比特幣誕生以來，其挖礦過程就嚴重依賴能源，其中大部分在前十年發生在以煤炭和其他化石燃料為主要電力來源的中國。這種大量的能源消耗引起了環保人士的關注，有些人聲稱將比特幣採礦的能源消耗與整個國家的能源消耗進行了比較。然而，比特幣支持者認為，挖礦主要使用再生能源，並引用了基於礦池自我報告數據的研究。然而，由於所做的假設和數據缺乏透明度，這些說法的可信度受到質疑。

Current Trends and Future Predictions

To understand the future, let’s look at the current state of cryptocurrency mining. This industry has matured significantly, transitioning from CPU to GPU, and now to ASIC technology, which is now the norm for mining Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies because of its powerful efficiency. Despite this maturity, the sector remains marked by relentless innovation and adaptability.

當前趨勢和未來預測為了了解未來，讓我們看看加密貨幣挖礦的現狀。這個行業已經顯著成熟，從 CPU 過渡到 GPU，現在又過渡到 ASIC 技術，由於其強大的效率，該技術現在已成為挖掘比特幣和其他加密貨幣的標準。儘管已經成熟，但該行業仍然以不懈的創新和適應性為標誌。

Recent Developments in Crypto Mining

A major evolution in the crypto-mining sector is the trend towards environmentally friendly mining. Historically, the industry faced backlash for its substantial energy use and carbon emissions. Yet, recent years have seen a pivot to more eco-conscious mining methods. Additionally, the introduction of ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit) mining marked a significant technological leap forward. However, following Ethereum’s Merge event, there’s been a noticeable decrease in the demand for mining hardware.

加密貨幣挖礦的最新發展加密貨幣挖礦領域的一個主要發展是環保挖礦的趨勢。從歷史上看，該行業因其大量的能源消耗和碳排放而面臨強烈反對。然而，近年來，人們開始轉向更生態意識的採礦方法。此外，ASIC（專用積體電路）挖礦的引入標誌著重大的技術飛躍。然而，在以太坊合併事件之後，對挖礦硬體的需求明顯下降。

As Bitcoin recently touched ATH, several on-chain mining metrics have touched their new highs including the mining difficulty.

隨著比特幣最近觸及 ATH，包括挖礦難度在內的幾個鏈上挖礦指標都觸及了新高。

The Impact of Cryptocurrency Market Fluctuations

The impact of cryptocurrency market fluctuations on mining deeply affects profitability and operational strategies. High market values can make mining highly rewarding, covering costs and offering substantial profits. However, when the market dips, the rewards may not compensate for the expenses, challenging the viability of mining operations. This volatility demands adaptability from miners and shapes the crypto mining landscape.

加密貨幣市場波動的影響加密貨幣市場波動對挖礦的影響深刻影響獲利能力和營運策略。高市場價值可以使採礦業獲得高回報，覆蓋成本並提供可觀的利潤。然而，當市場下跌時，回報可能無法彌補支出，從而對挖礦業務的生存能力構成挑戰。這種波動性要求礦工具具有適應性，並塑造了加密貨幣挖礦格局。

Future Outlook for Crypto Mining

In September 2021, El Salvador made history by embracing Bitcoin as its official currency. Advances in the Bitcoin protocol and the development of the lightning network are enhancing the speed, security, and convenience of Bitcoin transactions. With the expansion of the Network, the demand for miners, who play a crucial role in maintaining the Bitcoin network, is also growing. This indicates a promising outlook for the future of cryptocurrency mining, which is expected to expand alongside the global adoption of cryptocurrencies.

加密貨幣挖礦的未來展望 2021 年 9 月，薩爾瓦多將比特幣作為其官方貨幣，創造了歷史。比特幣協議的進步和閃電網路的發展正在提高比特幣交易的速度、安全性和便利性。隨著網路的擴展，對在維護比特幣網路中發揮至關重要作用的礦工的需求也在不斷增長。這表明加密貨幣挖礦的未來前景光明，預計隨著加密貨幣的全球採用而擴大。

Furthermore, Bitcoin mining could accelerate the shift towards a sustainable, zero-carbon future by generating employment in the renewable energy sector and supporting the electrical grid in integrating a higher share of renewable energy sources, thereby contributing to the fight against climate change.

此外，比特幣挖礦可以透過在再生能源領域創造就業機會並支持電網整合更高比例的再生能源，加速向永續、零碳未來的轉變，從而為應對氣候變遷做出貢獻。

Getting Started with Crypto Mining

In the world of cryptocurrencies, mining refers to the process of creating a new block on certain blockchains, where the first miner to crack a cryptographic puzzle earns a cryptocurrency reward. If you’re considering becoming a miner, it’s important to identify which cryptocurrencies are mineable, such as Bitcoin (BTC), Monero (XMR), and Litecoin (LTC). However, mining profitability has decreased due to increased mining difficulty over time and the dominance of large-scale mining operations, which command the majority of a cryptocurrency network’s computational power, measured in calculations per second.

加密貨幣挖礦入門在加密貨幣世界中，挖礦是指在某些區塊鏈上創建新區塊的過程，第一個破解加密難題的礦工將獲得加密貨幣獎勵。如果您正在考慮成為礦工，那麼確定哪些加密貨幣是可開採的非常重要，例如比特幣 (BTC)、門羅幣 (XMR) 和萊特幣 (LTC)。然而，由於採礦難度隨著時間的推移而增加，以及大規模採礦作業佔據主導地位，採礦盈利能力有所下降，大規模採礦作業控制著加密貨幣網絡的大部分計算能力（以每秒計算量衡量）。

How to Begin Mining for Beginners

A mining operation typically consists of three key elements: a cryptocurrency wallet, mining software, and mining hardware.

初學者如何開始挖礦挖礦作業通常由三個關鍵要素組成：加密貨幣錢包、挖礦軟體和挖礦硬體。

Cryptocurrency Wallet: To hold the digital currency you earn from mining, a wallet is essential. It safeguards your keys—the credentials needed to access your tokens or coins. Wallets come with a unique address for safely sending and receiving funds. There are various wallet types, but for security, “cold storage” wallets, which keep your keys offline, are recommended. Choose the one that suits your mining needs best.

加密貨幣錢包：為了保存透過挖礦賺取的數位貨幣，錢包是不可或缺的。它可以保護您的金鑰——存取您的代幣或硬幣所需的憑證。錢包帶有一個獨特的地址，用於安全地發送和接收資金。錢包類型有多種，但為了安全起見，建議使用「冷儲存」錢包，它可以使您的金鑰離線。選擇最適合您的採礦需求的一種。

Mining Software: This software, often free and compatible with multiple operating systems, is crucial for mining. For leading cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, there’s a variety of software options. Though many are effective, their slight differences might influence the efficiency of your mining activities.

挖礦軟體：該軟體通常免費且與多個作業系統相容，對於挖礦至關重要。對於比特幣等領先的加密貨幣，有多種軟體選擇。儘管許多都是有效的，但它們的細微差別可能會影響您的採礦活動的效率。

Mining Hardware: Likely the costliest part of the setup, mining hardware requires significant computing power, and specialized devices are often preferred for optimal mining performance.

挖礦硬體：挖礦硬體可能是設定中最昂貴的部分，需要強大的運算能力，並且通常首選專用設備來實現最佳挖礦性能。

Tools and Resources for Aspiring Miners

Tools and resources are building or buying a mining rig with a high hash rate that can increase profitability in cryptocurrency mining, though costs rise with performance. ASIC miners, like the Bitmain S19 XP at $4,653 for 141 TH/s or the S21 at $7,000 for 200 TH/s, offer high hash rates but are expensive, with prices climbing above $10,000 for top models like the S21 Hyd with 335 TH/s.

為有抱負的礦工提供的工具和資源工具和資源正在構建或購買具有高哈希率的採礦設備，這可以提高加密貨幣採礦的盈利能力，儘管成本隨著性能的提高而上升。 ASIC 礦機，例如比特大陸S19 XP（141 TH/s，售價4,653 美元）或S21（200 TH/s，售價7,000 美元），提供高算力，但價格昂貴，頂級型號（如335 TH/ s 的 S21 Hyd）的價格攀升至10,000 美元以上。s。

Alternatively, custom-built PCs with powerful graphics cards, such as the Nvidia RTX 4090, can mine cryptocurrencies. However, these setups, even with multiple GPUs, may take years to become profitable because of their lower hash rates compared to ASIC miners and significant initial investments.

或者，具有強大顯示卡（例如 Nvidia RTX 4090）的客製化 PC 也可以挖掘加密貨幣。然而，這些設置，即使擁有多個 GPU，也可能需要數年時間才能盈利，因為與 ASIC 礦機相比，它們的算力較低，初始投資巨大。

For individuals, competing against large mining farms and pools is impractical due to their immense hashing power. Joining a mining pool can offer a more feasible way to participate in mining by pooling resources and sharing rewards. However, this means earning less compared to solo mining with high-capacity rigs.

對於個人來說，與大型礦場和礦池競爭是不切實際的，因為它們擁有巨大的算力。加入礦池可以提供更可行的參與挖礦的方式，分享資源、分享獎勵。然而，與使用高容量礦機進行單獨挖礦相比，這意味著收入更少。

What’s the Future of Crypto Mining?

Bitcoin mining is perceived as a lucrative investment opportunity. Yet, it’s important to understand that mining Bitcoin is not a shortcut to wealth. It demands technical expertise and the right equipment to navigate its intricate process. Additionally, substantial investments in high-cost, high-power computing hardware are necessary, alongside access to dependable internet and electricity services.

加密貨幣挖礦的未來是什麼？比特幣挖礦被認為是一個利潤豐厚的投資機會。然而，重要的是要明白，開採比特幣並不是致富的捷徑。它需要技術專業知識和正確的設備來駕馭其複雜的流程。此外，還需要對高成本、高功率運算硬體進行大量投資，同時獲得可靠的網路和電力服務。

As the future for crypto mining looks bright, there will be a rise in demand to mine crypto in the coming years. Additionally, the recent regulatory recognition by the SEC, rising institutional interest and booming market sentiment could help the mining sector to expand ahead.

由於加密貨幣挖礦的前景一片光明，未來幾年對加密貨幣挖礦的需求將會增加。此外，美國證券交易委員會最近的監管認可、機構興趣的上升和市場情緒的蓬勃發展可能有助於採礦業向前擴張。