十字弓與複合弓：綜合性能與實用性比較

儘管複合弓和弩之間的性能差距不斷擴大，但弩在箭速和抗跌落性方面表現出色。然而，複合弓仍然具有很高的精確度，與弩相比，其精確度僅有微小差異。現代複合弓具有先進的同步凸輪系統、寬弓弓和改進的握把，以提高一致性和準確性。雖然十字弓在動力和易用性方面具有優勢，但它們在準確性和製造品質方面存在局限性，並且需要持續維護。最終，最佳選擇取決於個人喜好和狩獵風格。

Crossbows vs Compound Bows: A Comprehensive Analysis of Performance and Utility

十字弓與複合弓：性能與實用性的綜合分析

Introduction

介紹

In the realm of archery, technological advancements have led to an ever-widening performance gap between compound bows and crossbows. The exponential increase in crossbow speeds has raised questions about the potential for crossbows to surpass compound bows and dominate regular archery seasons. However, a closer examination reveals that crossbows still have inherent disadvantages, while flagship compound bows continue to excel. This analysis aims to provide an objective comparison of the performance differences between crossbows and compound bows, considering factors such as arrow speed, accuracy, ease of use, and cost.

在射箭領域，技術進步導致複合弓和弩之間的性能差距不斷擴大。弩速度的指數級增長引發了人們對弩是否有可能超越複合弓並主宰常規射箭賽季的質疑。然而，仔細觀察就會發現，弩仍然存在固有的缺點，而旗艦複合弓則繼續表現出色。本分析旨在客觀比較十字弓和複合弓之間的性能差異，考慮箭速、準確性、易用性和成本等因素。

Arrow Speed

箭頭速度

Crossbows hold a clear advantage in arrow speed. Thanks to the utilization of cocking devices, crossbows can achieve massive draw weights that would be impossible for a compound bow shooter to physically draw. For instance, the fastest crossbow on the market, TenPoint's TRX 515, boasts a draw weight of 300 pounds and can shoot arrows at an astonishing 495 fps. In comparison, the fastest compound bow tested in a recent study, the Mathews Lift, could only generate a speed of 283 fps with a 406 grain arrow and a 59.2 pound draw weight.

弩在箭速上有明顯的優勢。由於使用了扳機裝置，十字弓可以實現複合弓射手無法實際拉動的巨大拉力。例如，市場上速度最快的弩 TenPoint 的 TRX 515 擁有 300 磅的拉力，可以以驚人的 495 fps 射箭。相較之下，最近一項研究中測試的最快複合弓 Mathews Lift 在使用 406 粒箭和 59.2 磅拉力時只能產生 283 fps 的速度。

Drop

降低

Arrow speed directly influences arrow drop over distance. Faster arrows experience less drop at longer ranges, which is critical in hunting scenarios where accurate range estimation is essential. A simple experiment demonstrated the significant difference in arrow drop between crossbows and compound bows. At a distance of 50 yards, the fastest crossbow, the TenPoint 515, exhibited a drop of only 2.5 inches, compared to a substantial drop of 28.5 inches for the Mathews Lift compound bow.

箭速直接影響箭矢隨距離的下降。更快的箭在更遠的射程內經歷更少的下降，這對於精確射程估計至關重要的狩獵場景至關重要。一個簡單的實驗證明了弩和複合弓之間的箭落差有顯著差異。在 50 碼距離處，最快的弩 TenPoint 515 的下落量僅為 2.5 英寸，而 Mathews Lift 複合弓的下落量則高達 28.5 英寸。

Accuracy

準確性

Contrary to popular belief, accuracy is an area where crossbows and compound bows are surprisingly close. Extensive testing has shown that the most accurate compound bows are on par with the most accurate crossbows. In a study of top-performing bows, the five most accurate crossbows had an average group size of 1.78 inches, while the five most accurate compound bows had an average group size of 2.44 inches.

與普遍的看法相反，十字弓和複合弓在準確性方面非常接近。廣泛的測試表明，最精確的複合弓與最精確的十字弓不相上下。在一項對性能最佳的弓的研究中，五種最精確的十字弓的平均組尺寸為 1.78 英寸，而五種最精確的複合弓的平均組尺寸為 2.44 英寸。

Why Modern Compound Bows Are So Accurate

為什麼現代複合弓如此精確

The high accuracy of modern compound bows can be attributed to innovative designs that have eliminated many of the issues common in earlier models. The synchronized cam system has revolutionized bow design by stabilizing the arrow's nock and promoting consistency in release. Additionally, wider limbs provide better stability and reduce torque, while improved grips facilitate a consistent and even grip pressure. The proliferation of archery information has also contributed to the development of better shooting form and technique.

現代複合弓的高精度可歸因於創新設計，該設計消除了早期型號中常見的許多問題。同步凸輪系統透過穩定箭尾並提高釋放的一致性，徹底改變了弓的設計。此外，更寬的肢體可提供更好的穩定性並減少扭矩，而改進的握把有助於保持一致且均勻的握力壓力。射箭資訊的激增也促進了更好的射擊形式和技術的發展。

Why Modern Crossbows Aren't More Accurate

為什麼現代弩沒有更準確

Despite their incredible speed, crossbows face challenges in achieving the same level of accuracy as compound bows. According to Rex Darlington, an industry expert, the lower weight of crossbow bolts relative to their high draw weights creates trajectory issues akin to shooting an under-spined arrow from a compound bow. Moreover, the inconsistent straightness and spine of some crossbow bolt designs can further compromise accuracy.

儘管弩的速度令人難以置信，但在達到與複合弓相同的精度水平方面仍面臨挑戰。業界專家雷克斯·達林頓 (Rex Darlington) 表示，相對於高拉力而言，十字弓螺栓的重量較低，會產生類似於用複合弓射出下刺箭的彈道問題。此外，有些弩箭設計的直線度和脊椎不一致會進一步影響精確度。

Long-Range Accuracy

長距離精度

At extended ranges beyond 70 yards, crossbow accuracy begins to pull ahead of compound bow accuracy. The relatively slower speed of compound bows makes them less forgiving at longer distances, where wind and other factors can significantly impact arrow flight. However, it is important to note that most hunting situations rarely occur at distances exceeding 100 yards, and crossbows face their own challenges at such extreme ranges.

當射程超過 70 碼時，十字弓的精度開始領先於複合弓的精度。複合弓的速度相對較慢，這使得它們在較長距離上的寬容度較差，因為風和其他因素會嚴重影響箭的飛行。然而，需要注意的是，大多數狩獵情況很少發生在超過100碼的距離，而弩在如此極端的距離上也面臨著自己的挑戰。

Kinetic Energy

動能

While many bowhunters place emphasis on kinetic energy, it is important to recognize that arrow weight and penetration are more critical factors for effective hunting. Crossbows do deliver higher kinetic energy than compound bows, but both platforms generate more than enough energy for adequate penetration with well-placed shots.

雖然許多弓箭手強調動能，但重要的是要認識到箭的重量和穿透力是有效狩獵的更關鍵因素。十字弓確實比複合弓提供更高的動能，但這兩個平台都能產生足夠的能量，足以透過適當的射擊進行充分的穿透。

Ease of Use

使用方便

Crossbows offer a significant advantage in ease of use. With a crossbow, shooters can simply cock, load, and shoot without having to master the complex drawing motion of a compound bow. Additionally, crossbows can remain cocked and loaded in the stand, eliminating the need for undetected drawing. Compound bows, on the other hand, require dedicated practice and proficiency in drawing and releasing techniques.

十字弓在易用性方面具有顯著的優勢。使用十字弓，射手可以簡單地扳機、裝彈和射擊，而無需掌握複合弓複雜的拉動動作。此外，十字弓可以在支架上保持待擊狀態並上膛，從而消除了未被發現的拉弓的需要。另一方面，複合弓則需要專門的練習以及熟練的拉弓和放弓技巧。

Build Quality

打造品質

Top-end compound bows excel in terms of craftsmanship and build quality. They often feature intricate designs, carbon risers, and ergonomic handles. In contrast, even the most expensive crossbows often exhibit an excessive use of plastic parts and lack the polish and refinement of their compound bow counterparts.

高端複合弓在工藝和製造品質方面表現出色。它們通常具有複雜的設計、碳纖維立管和符合人體工學的手柄。相較之下，即使是最昂貴的十字弓也經常過度使用塑膠零件，並且缺乏複合弓同類產品的拋光和精緻。

Cost

成本

Both high-quality compound bows and crossbows can be expensive, with top-end models ranging from $1,000 to $2,500. However, it is important to note that compound bows require additional accessories such as sights, rests, and stabilizers, which can further increase the overall cost.

高品質的複合弓和十字弓都很昂貴，高端型號的價格從 1,000 美元到 2,500 美元不等。然而，需要注意的是，複合弓需要額外的配件，例如瞄準器、支架和穩定器，這會進一步增加整體成本。

Conclusion

結論

While crossbows have made significant advancements and offer advantages in arrow speed and ease of use, it is important to recognize that they still have limitations in terms of accuracy and build quality. Modern compound bows have reached unprecedented levels of performance and are just as capable in the hands of skilled archers. The decision between a crossbow and a compound bow ultimately depends on individual preferences, hunting styles, and the specific hunting regulations and restrictions.

雖然弩已經取得了顯著的進步，並在箭速和易用性方面具有優勢，但重要的是要認識到它們在準確性和製造品質方面仍然存在局限性。現代複合弓的性能達到了前所未有的水平，在熟練的弓箭手手中也同樣有能力。選擇十字弓還是複合弓最終取決於個人喜好、狩獵風格以及具體的狩獵法規和限制。