突破性 IBC 協定解鎖跨鏈互通性

區塊鏈間通訊（IBC）協定可實現獨立區塊鏈網路之間的安全且可驗證的通信，從而促進互通性和資料交換。 IBC 使用輕客戶端驗證和智慧合約模組，無需直接連接即可實現跨鏈通訊。這種無需信任和無需許可的協議允許透過資料包交易和智慧合約進行資料傳輸，為無縫整合提供低成本的最終確定性和向量承諾。透過滿足特定要求，任何區塊鏈都可以實現IBC，增強其能力並擴展區塊鏈生態系統的可能性。

Inter-Blockchain Communication Protocol (IBC): Unleashing Interoperability in the Cryptosphere

區塊鏈間通訊協定（IBC）：釋放加密領域的互通性

Introduction

介紹

Before the advent of blockchain bridges, the blockchain landscape consisted of isolated networks, inhibiting direct communication and limiting interoperability. The crypto industry's relentless pursuit of innovation has given rise to bridges that connect different blockchains, enabling the seamless exchange of data and assets. However, bridges are not the sole solution to the interoperability challenge. The Inter-Blockchain Communication Protocol (IBC) has emerged as a groundbreaking framework that establishes a standardized protocol for achieving interoperability, facilitating direct cross-chain communication and fostering a more connected blockchain ecosystem.

在區塊鏈橋出現之前，區塊鏈景觀由孤立的網路組成，抑制了直接通訊並限制了互通性。加密產業對創新的不懈追求催生了連接不同區塊鏈的橋樑，實現了數據和資產的無縫交換。然而，網橋並不是解決互通性挑戰的唯一解決方案。區塊鏈間通訊協議（IBC）已成為一個突破性的框架，它建立了一個標準化協議，以實現互通性、促進直接跨鏈通訊並培育更互聯的區塊鏈生態系統。

What is the IBC Protocol?

什麼是 IBC 協議？

The IBC protocol is an open-source framework that serves as a conduit for message relay between disparate distributed ledgers, effectively connecting independent blockchains. It facilitates the secure exchange of data and communication between blockchains, or "zones," allowing for the seamless transfer of information, asset swaps, and interactions. Introduced by Cosmos Network in 2019, IBC is a pivotal solution to the challenge of isolated blockchains, enabling secure asset and data exchange, and contributing to a more accessible and scalable blockchain ecosystem.

IBC 協定是一個開源框架，可作為不同分散式帳本之間訊息中繼的管道，有效連接獨立的區塊鏈。它促進了區塊鏈或「區域」之間的安全資料交換和通信，從而實現資訊、資產交換和互動的無縫傳輸。 IBC 由 Cosmos Network 於 2019 年推出，是應對孤立區塊鏈挑戰的關鍵解決方案，可實現安全的資產和資料交換，並為更易於存取和擴展的區塊鏈生態系統做出貢獻。

Technical Architecture of IBC

IBC技術架構

The Inter-Blockchain Communication (IBC) protocol comprises two distinct layers: the Transport Layer (TAO) and the Application Layer.

區塊鏈間通訊（IBC）協定包括兩個不同的層：傳輸層（TAO）和應用層。

Transport Layer (TAO):

傳輸層（TAO）：

The TAO constitutes the foundational layer of the IBC protocol, responsible for establishing secure connections and authenticating data packets between blockchains. It consists of several key components:

TAO構成了IBC協議的基礎層，負責在區塊鏈之間建立安全連接和驗證資料包。它由幾個關鍵組件組成：

• IBC Light Clients: Nodes that validate cross-chain transactions and store blockchain information, ensuring the validity of exchanged data.
• IBC Relayers: Entities that monitor updates on IBC Light Clients and relay messages between blockchains, ensuring a smooth flow of information.
• IBC Connections: Establish connections between IBC Light Clients on different chains, verifying the identity of counterparty chains and enabling cross-chain verifications.
• IBC Channels: Facilitate communication between applications or modules on IBC-compatible chains, enabling the transfer of data packets.

Application Layer:

IBC 輕客戶端：驗證跨鏈交易並儲存區塊鏈資訊的節點，確保交換資料的有效性。 ，確保訊息的順暢流動。的通信，實現資料包的傳輸。

Built on top of the TAO, the Application Layer specifies the manner in which data packets must be bundled and interpreted by the chains involved in cross-chain communication. It enables diverse chains to be compatible, facilitating trustless communication, asset exchange, and interaction.

應用層建立在 TAO 之上，指定跨鏈通訊所涉及的鏈必須捆綁和解釋資料包的方式。它使不同的鏈能夠相容，促進去信任的溝通、資產交換和互動。

Key Features of IBC Protocol

IBC 協議的主要特點

The IBC protocol employs dedicated channels and intelligent contract modules to establish secure and trustworthy communication between interconnected blockchains.

IBC協定採用專用通道和智慧合約模組在互連的區塊鏈之間建立安全且可信的通訊。

• Interoperability Without Direct Communication: A critical feature of the IBC protocol is its ability to facilitate interoperability among blockchains without requiring direct communication. Blockchains can connect effortlessly by exchanging information packets via designated channels that employ intelligent contract modules and a light client to validate the authenticity of the received state. This allows blockchains to move value or data effortlessly, irrespective of protocol or consensus procedures.
• Trustless and Permissionless: IBC operates on a trustless and permissionless basis, allowing anyone to serve as a relayer. The blockchains involved do not need to place trust in the individuals transmitting the data. This configuration is crucial for achieving blockchain sovereignty without isolating blockchains, an essential goal of the Cosmos ecosystem.
• Secure and Validated: IBC maintains the validity of the information transmitted between blockchains by integrating innovative contract modules with light client verification, eliminating the need for direct connection. This minimizes the requirement for blind trust between parties and enhances the overall security of the ecosystem. IBC maintains the security and integrity of cross-chain transactions by utilizing cryptographic primitives and consensus methods such as Tendermint.
• Blockchain-Specific Security: The IBC protocol maintains security and validity by leveraging cryptographic techniques and consensus algorithms unique to each participating blockchain. Data privacy and integrity are protected during transmission.

Mechanism of IBC Protocol Operation

無需直接通訊的互通性：IBC 協定的關鍵特性是它能夠促進區塊鏈之間的互通性，而無需直接通訊。區塊鏈可以透過指定通道交換資訊包來輕鬆連接，這些通道採用智慧合約模組和輕客戶端來驗證接收狀態的真實性。這使得區塊鏈可以毫不費力地移動價值或數據，而不管協議或共識程序如何。所涉及的區塊鏈不需要信任傳輸資料的個人。這種配置對於在不隔離區塊鏈的情況下實現區塊鏈主權至關重要，這是Cosmos 生態系統的基本目標。連接，從而保持區塊鏈之間傳輸資訊的有效性。這最大限度地減少了各方之間盲目信任的要求，並增強了生態系統的整體安全性。 IBC 透過利用加密原語和共識方法（例如Tendermint）來維護跨鏈交易的安全性和完整性。維護安全性和有效性。資料傳輸過程中的隱私性和完整性受到保護。

The Inter-Blockchain Communication (IBC) protocol facilitates seamless communication between different blockchains, operating through two layers: the TAO layer (Transport, Authentication, and Ordering) and the APP layer (Application).

區塊鏈間通訊（IBC）協定促進不同區塊鏈之間的無縫通信，透過兩個層進行操作：TAO 層（傳輸、身份驗證和排序）和 APP 層（應用程式）。

• TAO Layer: Secure connections are established, and data is verified between blockchains in the TAO layer, which serves as the foundation for communication.
• APP Layer: Defines how data is packaged and interpreted by different blockchains.

Key components of the IBC protocol include hubs and zones, packet transactions, and smart contracts.

TAO 層：在 TAO 層中建立安全連接，並在區塊鏈之間驗證數據，作為通訊的基礎。數據包交易和智能合約。

• Hubs and Zones: Hubs function as central routers, facilitating communication between zones representing individual blockchains.
• Packet Transactions: Contain sender, recipient, and transaction data, enabling efficient communication between zones.
• Smart Contracts: Implemented as IBC/TAO modules on each blockchain, facilitate the orderly transfer of data packets between blockchains.

Data transfer via IBC involves a cross-chain transaction, where the packet traverses from the source zone to a hub and the destination zone. Upon processing, the destination blockchain responds, following the same path back. The TAO layer manages infrastructure and security, while the APP layer determines data packaging and interpretation.

集線器和區域：集線器充當中央路由器，促進代表各個區塊鏈的區域之間的通訊。區塊鏈上作為IBC/TAO 模組實施，促進區塊鏈之間資料包的有序傳輸。處理後，目標區塊鏈會依照相同的路徑返回進行回應。 TAO層管理基礎設施和安全性，而APP層決定資料打包和解釋。

Eligible Blockchains for IBC Implementation

符合 IBC 實施條件的區塊鏈

The Inter-Blockchain Communication (IBC) protocol is designed to be implemented by any blockchain that meets specific requirements. These requirements ensure the blockchain can achieve low-cost, verifiable finality and support vector commitments.

區塊鏈間通訊（IBC）協議旨在由滿足特定要求的任何區塊鏈實施。這些要求確保區塊鏈能夠實現低成本、可驗證的最終性並支援向量承諾。

• Low-Cost, Verifiable Finality: Finality refers to transactions or blocks being irreversible and permanently confirmed. For a blockchain to be IBC-compatible, it must achieve finality at low costs.
• Vector Commitment Support: In blockchains, state machines transition from one state to another based on inputs, such as user transactions. Blockchains must support vector commitments, enabling them to commit multiple values simultaneously using cryptographic techniques. Vector commitments enable efficient verification by allowing users to prove the presence of a specific set of transactions without revealing the entire dataset. This scalability and simplicity in verification are crucial for implementing the IBC protocol.

By meeting these requirements, blockchains can support IBC Light Clients in verifying transactions and proofs of verification of counterparty blockchains. This ensures interoperability and seamless communication between different blockchains in the ecosystem.

低成本、可驗證的最終性：最終性是指交易或區塊不可逆轉且永久確認。對於與 IBC 相容的區塊鏈，它必須以低成本實現最終確定性。區塊鏈必須支援向量承諾，使它們能夠使用加密技術同時提交多個值。向量承諾允許用戶證明一組特定交易的存在，而無需透露整個資料集，從而實現有效的驗證。這種驗證的可擴展性和簡單性對於實現 IBC 協議至關重要。這確保了生態系統中不同區塊鏈之間的互通性和無縫通訊。

Future Prospects of IBC Protocol

IBC協議的未來展望

The future of the IBC protocol holds promise for a more connected and collaborative crypto environment, breaking down barriers and fostering interoperability.

IBC 協議的未來有望創造一個更互聯和協作的加密環境，打破障礙並促進互通性。

• Enhanced DApps and Financial Products: Through seamless communication between blockchains, IBC enables the creation of complex DApps, innovative financial products, and thriving ecosystems.
• Cross-Chain Engagement: Users can interact with multiple networks without compromising security or rewards, eliminating the need to swap tokens or participate directly in a single blockchain network.

However, realizing the full potential of IBC hinges on overcoming technical hurdles and establishing robust governance frameworks.

增強的DApp 和金融產品：透過區塊鏈之間的無縫通信，IBC 能夠創建複雜的DApp、創新的金融產品和繁榮的生態系統。下與多個網路進行交互，從而無需進行交換代幣或直接參與單一區塊鏈網路。

• Standardization: Standardization is essential to prevent fragmentation and ensure that competing interoperability protocols do not hinder progress. Collaboration and standardization among blockchain projects are crucial for IBC to truly support an integrated crypto ecosystem in the future.

Conclusion

標準化：標準化對於防止碎片化和確保相互競爭的互通性協議不會阻礙進步至關重要。區塊鏈專案之間的協作和標準化對於 IBC 未來真正支援整合的加密生態系統至關重要。

The Inter-Blockchain Communication Protocol (IBC) stands as a groundbreaking framework for achieving interoperability in the crypto realm. Its trustless and permissionless nature, coupled with its secure and validated mechanism, enables seamless communication and data exchange between different blockchains. As the protocol continues to evolve, it holds the potential to unlock new possibilities in the blockchain landscape, fostering collaboration, innovation, and a more connected and accessible crypto ecosystem.

區塊鏈間通訊協定（IBC）是實現加密領域互通性的突破性框架。其無需信任和無需許可的性質，加上其安全性和經過驗證的機制，可以實現不同區塊鏈之間的無縫通訊和資料交換。隨著該協議的不斷發展，它有可能在區塊鏈領域釋放新的可能性，促進協作、創新以及更互聯和易於訪問的加密生態系統。