草间弥生如何从精神病院的局限中征服艺术世界

维多利亚国家美术馆正在举办日本艺术家草间弥生有史以来最广泛的作品展览，为我们的海岸增光添彩。评论编辑蒂姆·道格拉斯 (TIM DOUGLAS) 前往日本，进一步了解这位全球艺术市场无可争议的女王。

Yayoi Kusama is having a moment. Again. At 93, the Japanese artist is the undisputed queen of the global art market, with her work routinely fetching tens of millions of dollars at auction. Her distinctive polka dots, mirrored rooms and immersive pumpkin sculptures have made her a household name, and her blockbuster exhibitions around the world are consistently sold out.

草间弥生正在享受一段时光。再次。这位 93 岁的日本艺术家是全球艺术市场无可争议的女王，她的作品在拍卖会上通常能拍出数千万美元的价格。她独特的圆点图案、镜面房间和身临其境的南瓜雕塑使她家喻户晓，她在世界各地举办的轰动一时的展览也一直售空。

But despite her phenomenal success, Kusama has spent much of her life battling mental illness. She was first admitted to a psychiatric facility in 1957, and has lived voluntarily in a Tokyo hospital since 1977.

尽管草间弥生取得了惊人的成功，但她一生的大部分时间都在与精神疾病作斗争。她于 1957 年首次住进精神病院，自 1977 年起自愿住在东京一家医院。

So how did an artist who has spent decades living in a psychiatric facility become one of the most successful and sought-after artists in the world?

那么，一位在精神病院生活了数十年的艺术家是如何成为世界上最成功和最受欢迎的艺术家之一的呢？

The answer, in part, lies in Kusama’s incredible resilience and determination. She was born in Matsumoto, Japan, in 1929, and began painting at an early age. However, her parents were strongly opposed to her artistic aspirations, and she was forced to study traditional Japanese painting instead.

部分答案在于草间弥生令人难以置信的韧性和决心。 1929年出生于日本松本，自幼开始绘画。然而，她的父母强烈反对她的艺术抱负，她被迫学习日本传统绘画。

Undeterred, Kusama continued to paint in secret, and eventually enrolled in the Kyoto Municipal School of Arts and Crafts. After graduating, she moved to the United States in 1957, where she quickly established herself as a rising star in the New York art scene.

草间弥生没有被吓倒，他继续秘密绘画，并最终进入京都市工艺美术学校。 1957年毕业后，她移居美国，并迅速成为纽约艺术界一颗冉冉升起的新星。

However, Kusama’s mental health began to deteriorate rapidly during this period, and she was eventually admitted to a psychiatric facility in 1957. Despite her struggles, she continued to create art, and her work soon began to attract the attention of critics and collectors alike.

然而，草间弥生的心理健康状况在此期间开始迅速恶化，最终于 1957 年住进了精神病院。尽管她很挣扎，但她继续创作艺术，她的作品很快开始吸引评论家和收藏家的关注。

In 1965, Kusama had her first solo exhibition at the Castellane Gallery in New York City. The show was a critical and commercial success, and it helped to launch Kusama’s career on the international stage.

1965年，草间弥生在纽约卡斯特拉画廊举办了她的首次个展。该剧获得了评论界和商业上的成功，并帮助草间弥生在国际舞台上开启了自己的职业生涯。

Over the next few years, Kusama became increasingly involved in the anti-war movement, and her art began to reflect her political activism. She created a series of works that featured nude bodies covered in polka dots, and she also staged a number of "happenings" that involved nudity, food and other materials.

在接下来的几年里，草间弥生越来越多地参与反战运动，她的艺术开始反映出她的政治活动主义。她创作了一系列以圆点覆盖的裸体为特色的作品，她还上演了一些涉及裸体、食物和其他材料的“事件”。

Kusama’s work was often controversial, but it also attracted a great deal of attention. In 1968, she was invited to represent Japan at the Venice Biennale, and her work was featured in a major exhibition at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City.

草间弥生的作品经常引起争议，但也引起了极大的关注。 1968年，她受邀代表日本参加威尼斯双年展，她的作品在纽约现代艺术博物馆的大型展览中展出。

However, Kusama’s mental health continued to deteriorate, and she was eventually forced to return to Japan in 1973. She voluntarily admitted herself to a psychiatric hospital in Tokyo, where she has lived ever since.

然而，草间弥生的精神健康状况持续恶化，最终她于1973年被迫返回日本。她自愿住进东京的一家精神病院，并从此一直住在那里。

Despite her confinement, Kusama has continued to create art at a prolific pace. She has produced thousands of paintings, sculptures, drawings and other works, and her art has been exhibited in museums and galleries around the world.

尽管被隔离，草间弥生仍继续以高产的速度创作艺术。她创作了数千幅绘画、雕塑、素描和其他作品，她的艺术作品曾在世界各地的博物馆和画廊展出。

In recent years, Kusama’s work has experienced a renewed surge in popularity, thanks in part to her immersive pumpkin sculptures and her collaboration with the fashion brand Louis Vuitton. Her work has been featured in blockbuster exhibitions at the Broad Museum in Los Angeles, the Tate Modern in London and the National Gallery of Victoria in Melbourne.

近年来，草间弥生的作品再次受到欢迎，这在一定程度上要归功于她身临其境的南瓜雕塑以及她与时尚品牌路易威登的合作。她的作品曾在洛杉矶布罗德博物馆、伦敦泰特现代美术馆和墨尔本维多利亚国家美术馆举办过轰动一时的展览。

Kusama’s story is an inspiring tale of resilience, creativity and triumph over adversity. She is a true pioneer in the art world, and her work continues to captivate and inspire audiences around the globe.

草间弥生的故事是一个关于坚韧、创造力和战胜逆境的鼓舞人心的故事。她是艺术界真正的先驱，她的作品继续吸引和启发全球观众。