印度选举中迫在眉睫的人工智能革命：在滥用担忧中拥抱创新

2024 年是印度全国选举的人工智能 (AI) 年，因为这个世界上最大的民主国家广泛使用人工智能进行民意调查和语言翻译。 2024年大选分七个阶段进行，选举543名下议院议员。这场拥有约 9.7 亿注册选民的世界上规模最大的选举不仅使用人工智能通过数十种语言翻译来瞄准选民，还使用人工智能创建深度伪造视频和对话机器人，引发了人们对滥用该技术的担忧。

India's Looming AI-Driven Electoral Revolution: Embracing Innovation Amidst Misuse Concerns

印度迫在眉睫的人工智能驱动的选举革命：在滥用担忧中拥抱创新

As the world's largest democracy gears up for its 2024 general elections, India stands poised to harness the transformative power of artificial intelligence (AI) on an unprecedented scale. With approximately 970 million registered voters, the upcoming polls mark a watershed moment in the intersection of technology and electoral processes.

随着世界上最大的民主国家为 2024 年大选做准备，印度已准备好以前所未有的规模利用人工智能 (AI) 的变革力量。即将举行的投票拥有约 9.7 亿登记选民，标志着技术与选举进程交叉的分水岭时刻。

AI's Multifaceted Role in the Political Arena

人工智能在政治舞台上的多方面作用

AI's influence extends far beyond mere voter targeting through multilingual translations. Political parties and candidates are leveraging AI's capabilities to create deepfake videos and deploy conversational bots, raising concerns about potential misuse.

人工智能的影响力远远超出了单纯通过多语言翻译来瞄准选民的范围。政党和候选人正在利用人工智能的功能来创建深度伪造视频并部署对话机器人，这引起了人们对潜在滥用的担忧。

"Deepfakes and voice clones of political leaders are circulating widely on social media, spreading positive or negative messaging about candidates or parties," warns Rajagopal Menon, Vice President of WazirX, India's leading digital asset trading platform.

印度领先的数字资产交易平台 WazirX 副总裁拉贾戈帕尔·梅农 (Rajagopal Menon) 警告说：“政治领导人的深度假货和声音克隆在社交媒体上广泛传播，传播有关候选人或政党的正面或负面信息。”

These AI-generated machinations, Pradeep Gooptu, founder-secretary of Bengal Initiative, an Indian think tank, opines, "may lead to erosion of privacy and greater intrusion into the private lives of citizens by government agencies."

印度智库孟加拉倡议创始人兼秘书长普拉迪普·古普图认为，这些人工智能产生的阴谋“可能会导致政府机构对隐私的侵蚀和对公民私生活的更大程度的侵犯。”

In a recent instance, fabricated videos depicted prominent Indian actors criticizing Prime Minister Narendra Modi and urging voters to support opposition parties. Similarly, a purported video of Union Home Minister Amit Shah sparked controversy by allegedly suggesting the removal of reservations for backward classes.

在最近的一个例子中，捏造的视频描绘了印度著名演员批评总理纳伦德拉·莫迪并敦促选民支持反对党的情况。同样，一段据称是联邦内政部长阿米特·沙阿的视频引发了争议，据称该视频建议取消对落后阶层的保留。

In response to these concerns, the Election Commission of India issued an advisory, cautioning political entities against creating deepfakes and spreading disinformation.

针对这些担忧，印度选举委员会发布了一项咨询，警告政治实体不要制造深度伪造品和传播虚假信息。

AI's Economic Implications and India's Growth Story

人工智能的经济影响和印度的增长故事

India's recent investment of over $1.24 billion in the IndiaAI Mission reflects the government's commitment to fostering AI innovation and entrepreneurship. By 2028, India aspires to emerge as a $5 trillion economy, with emerging technologies like AI serving as pivotal catalysts for growth.

印度最近对 IndiaAI Mission 的投资超过 12.4 亿美元，体现了政府对促进人工智能创新和创业的承诺。到 2028 年，印度渴望成为 5 万亿美元的经济体，人工智能等新兴技术将成为增长的关键催化剂。

"AI's potential for economic development is immense," asserts Modi, who predicts that his party will secure a third consecutive term in the upcoming elections.

莫迪断言：“人工智能对经济发展的潜力是巨大的。”他预测他的政党将在即将到来的选举中获得连续第三个任期。

The Transformative Impact of AI on Campaigning

人工智能对竞选活动的变革性影响

The traditional modes of electioneering through public rallies and door-to-door outreach are increasingly complemented by AI-powered innovations. In the 2019 general election, India witnessed the extensive use of digital media, with WhatsApp emerging as a dominant platform.

通过公开集会和挨家挨户宣传进行的传统竞选模式日益得到人工智能驱动的创新的补充。在2019年的大选中，印度见证了数字媒体的广泛使用，WhatsApp成为主导平台。

The upcoming polls mark the first instance where virtually all political parties and candidates are leveraging AI to engage with voters. Estimates suggest that over $50 million will be invested in AI-generated election campaign materials.

即将到来的民意调查标志着几乎所有政党和候选人都首次利用人工智能与选民互动。据估计，人工智能生成的竞选材料将投入超过 5000 万美元。

"AI-powered voice calls are being used to reach out to voters virtually, with AI generating the voice of local leaders and responding dynamically to voter inputs," explains Menon. "Resurrected AI-generated videos of deceased leaders are also being circulated to promote current party leadership."

“人工智能驱动的语音通话被用来虚拟地接触选民，人工智能产生地方领导人的​​声音并对选民的意见做出动态响应，”梅农解释道。 “人工智能生成的已故领导人的复活视频也在传播，以宣传当前的党的领导。”

Modi, himself an AI enthusiast, utilizes voice cloning technology to replicate his speeches in eight languages. Additionally, AI tools like 'Bhashini' aid in real-time language translation during campaign events.

莫迪本身就是一位人工智能爱好者，他利用语音克隆技术将他的演讲复制成八种语言。此外，“Bhashini”等人工智能工具有助于在竞选活动期间进行实时语言翻译。

"Predictive models fed with historical voting data, polling, and social media sentiment can forecast election outcomes with increasing accuracy, allowing parties to strategize their efforts more effectively," notes Raj Kapoor, founder of India Blockchain Alliance and chairman of the Global Alliance for Ethical AI Innovation.

印度区块链联盟创始人兼全球道德联盟主席 Raj Kapoor 表示：“根据历史投票数据、民意调查和社交媒体情绪提供的预测模型可以更加准确地预测选举结果，使政党能够更有效地制定自己的努力战略。”人工智能创新。

Computer vision analysis of images from social media enables parties to gauge voter emotions and tailor messaging accordingly. "AI has revolutionized micro-targeting," adds Kapoor. "Machine learning algorithms examine vast amounts of behavioral, psychographic, and demographic data to personalize messaging and enhance outreach."

对社交媒体图像的计算机视觉分析使政党能够衡量选民的情绪并相应地调整消息传递。 “人工智能彻底改变了微观目标定位，”卡普尔补充道。 “机器学习算法检查大量的行为、心理和人口统计数据，以个性化消息传递并加强推广。”

The Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) has utilized AI to maintain communication between its recently arrested leader, Arvind Kejriwal, and the public. AI tools have generated a voice clone and converted his written messages into spoken word.

Aam Aadmi 党 (AAP) 利用人工智能来维持其最近被捕的领导人 Arvind Kejriwal 与公众之间的沟通。人工智能工具生成了一个语音克隆，并将他的书面信息转换为口语。

Combating Misuse and Ensuring Ethical Deployment

打击滥用并确保道德部署

While AI offers immense potential, its unregulated use poses significant risks. "India currently lacks clear regulations for AI-generated content, apart from guidelines on watermarking and testing for potential harm before public release," observes Menon. "A comprehensive regulatory framework for AI is expected to be released by July."

虽然人工智能提供了巨大的潜力，但其不受监管的使用带来了巨大的风险。梅农表示：“印度目前缺乏针对人工智能生成内容的明确规定，除了关于在公开发布之前添加水印和测试潜在危害的指导方针。” “人工智能的综合监管框架预计将于 7 月发布。”

Concerns surrounding privacy, security, and transparency loom large. "AI algorithms require massive amounts of data, raising questions about the collection, storage, and protection of voter information," states Kapoor. "The opacity of AI decision-making processes can erode trust in the electoral process, especially if algorithms exhibit biases or lack accountability."

围绕隐私、安全和透明度的担忧日益凸显。卡普尔表示：“人工智能算法需要大量数据，这引发了有关选民信息收集、存储和保护的问题。” “人工智能决策过程的不透明性可能会削弱人们对选举过程的信任，特别是在算法表现出偏见或缺乏问责制的情况下。”

Kapoor emphasizes the need for policymakers to navigate complex issues related to data privacy, cybersecurity, and ethical standards to ensure the responsible and equitable use of AI in elections. He cautions that "while AI holds promise for enhancing the electoral system's efficiency and effectiveness, widespread adoption hinges on addressing ethical, regulatory, and societal concerns to ensure a transparent, secure, and inclusive electoral process."

卡普尔强调，政策制定者需要解决与数据隐私、网络安全和道德标准相关的复杂问题，以确保在选举中负责任和公平地使用人工智能。他警告说，“虽然人工智能有望提高选举系统的效率和有效性，但广泛采用取决于解决道德、监管和社会问题，以确保透明、安全和包容的选举过程。”