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空投越來越受歡迎,自第一次空投以來,加密貨幣計畫在短短三年內就分發了價值 266 億美元的代幣。
The rapid growth of crypto points has sparked massive interest in traditional airdrops. However, this surge has also led to a spike in Sybil airdrop farming attacks, where fake users and bots claim airdrop tokens, beating genuine community members to the punch.
加密貨幣積分的快速增長引發了人們對傳統空投的巨大興趣。然而,這種激增也導致了 Sybil 空投挖礦攻擊的激增,其中虛假用戶和機器人索取空投代幣,擊敗了真正的社群成員。
DailyCoin examines why this trend has exploded and investigates strategies to combat it.
DailyCoin 研究了這種趨勢爆發的原因並研究了因應策略。
Crypto Points Spark Airdrop Frenzy
加密貨幣積分引發空投狂潮
Airdrops have seen a surge in popularity, with crypto projects distributing $26.6 billion worth of tokens in just three years since the first airdrop. That’s nearly the cost of 10 NASA rover missions to Mars.
空投的受歡迎程度激增,自第一次空投以來,加密貨幣項目在短短三年內就分發了價值 266 億美元的代幣。這幾乎相當於美國太空總署 10 次火星漫遊車任務的費用。
Such frenzy over free token distributions is relatively new, sparked by the emergence of crypto points in 2023. Projects distributed points as loyalty rewards for completing tasks, such as providing liquidity, making transactions, or holding an NFT. These points were later proportionally converted into tokens, which users received during an airdrop.
這種免費代幣分配的狂熱相對較新,是由 2023 年加密積分的出現引發的。這些積分後來按比例轉換為代幣,用戶在空投中收到這些代幣。
Even though they aren’t registered on the blockchain and lack transparency, billions of crypto points have been distributed. It’s no surprise that dedicated speculative pre-markets have formed, where crypto points can be leveraged and traded for cryptocurrency ahead of their token airdrops.
儘管它們沒有在區塊鏈上註冊並且缺乏透明度,但已經分發了數十億個加密點。毫不奇怪,專門的投機性預市場已經形成,在代幣空投之前,可以利用加密貨幣積分並交易加密貨幣。
Naturally, the opportunity to profit from trading crypto points made airdrops even more desirable.
當然,從交易加密貨幣積分中獲利的機會使得空投變得更加令人嚮往。
They’ve become targets for not just individual users but also large-scale airdrop hunters, which has brought significant challenges to the crypto market.
他們不僅成為個人用戶的目標,也成為大規模空投獵手的目標,這給加密貨幣市場帶來了重大挑戰。
Sybil Farmers Target Airdrops
西比爾農民瞄準空投
But as the golden rule says, popularity comes with a price. Where there’s big money, there are also those looking to game the system. In this case, they are Sybil airdrop farmers – individuals or entities who manage thousands or tens of thousands of fake identities to participate in airdrops.
但正如黃金法則所說,受歡迎是有代價的。哪裡有大錢,哪裡就有想玩體制的人。在這種情況下,他們是 Sybil 空投農民——管理數千或數萬個虛假身分來參與空投的個人或實體。
Named after a fictional character with dissociative identity disorder, Sybil farmers mimic the behavior of genuine users and siphon off the token rewards intended for them. Their goal is simple: exploit loopholes in airdrop qualification and amass as much free money as possible.
Sybil 農民以患有分離性身分障礙的虛構人物命名,他們模仿真實用戶的行為,並竊取原本為他們提供的代幣獎勵。他們的目標很簡單:利用空投資格的漏洞,累積盡可能多的免費資金。
The spokesman from MarketingFi platform builder Cookie3 told me that crypto projects were unprepared for industrial-scale airdrop exploits because they had not dealt with this problem before. Sybils kept advancing their technologies.
MarketingFi 平台建置商 Cookie3 的發言人告訴我,加密專案並沒有為工業規模的空投漏洞做好準備,因為他們之前沒有處理過這個問題。西比爾斯不斷推進他們的技術。
“Sybil attackers are getting more sophisticated in building algorithms that farm airdrops in such a complex way of on-chain and off-chain behavior that can be caught by airdrop shields because it mimics organic behavior so much.”
“女巫攻擊者在構建演算法方面變得越來越複雜,這些演算法以如此複雜的鏈上和鏈下行為方式進行空投,這些行為可以被空投防護罩捕獲,因為它非常模仿有機行為。”
Different Attack Vectors Require Different Counter Strategies
不同的攻擊媒介需要不同的因應策略
As many crypto airdrop distributors have learned, Sybil farmers exploit different weaknesses of the protocols to achieve their goals. So far, they’ve been often successful. Fortunately, crypto industry players also have suggestions on how to turn the situation around.
正如許多加密貨幣空投分銷商所了解的那樣,Sybil 農民利用協議的不同弱點來實現他們的目標。到目前為止,他們經常取得成功。幸運的是,加密貨幣產業的參與者也對如何扭轉局面提出了建議。
Linear Distribution Method Targets Loose Eligibility Criteria Issues
線性分佈方法針對寬鬆的資格標準問題
One common weakness Sybils exploit is the loose airdrop eligibility criteria. A good example of this is zkSync.
Sybils 所利用的一個常見弱點是寬鬆的空投資格標準。 zkSync 就是一個很好的例子。
A popular Ethereum scaling solution distributed 3.675 billion ZK tokens in June, marking the largest Layer-2 airdrop ever. Anyone meeting basic criteria—such as interacting with other protocols, adding liquidity, trading ERC20 tokens, or holding NFTs—could participate in the airdrop.
流行的以太坊擴容解決方案在 6 月分發了 36.75 億個 ZK 代幣,這是有史以來最大的第 2 層空投。任何符合基本標準(例如與其他協議互動、增加流動性、交易 ERC20 代幣或持有 NFT)的人都可以參與空投。
Over 695,000 wallets have qualified. They drove the network’s user activity to new highs and received over $2.5 billion tokens at a pre-market value of $0.69.
超過 695,000 個錢包符合資格。他們將網路的用戶活動推向新高,並以 0.69 美元的盤前價值獲得了超過 25 億美元的代幣。
Yet blockchain analytics uncovered at least 46,000 wallets that collectively received $94.5 million in ZK tokens. They all constituted 660 clusters, controlled by several entities as part of a Sybil attack.
然而,區塊鏈分析發現至少 46,000 個錢包總共收到了 9,450 萬美元的 ZK 代幣。它們全部構成 660 個集群,由幾個實體控制,作為 Sybil 攻擊的一部分。
The project was heavily criticized for failing to prevent Sybil attacks, with the crypto community accusing zkSync of favoring whales over genuine small users.
該項目因未能阻止 Sybil 攻擊而受到嚴厲批評,加密貨幣社群指責 zkSync 偏袒鯨魚而不是真正的小用戶。
“I love the zkSync guys but damn that was not a well planned airdrop from a sybil perspective. Those criteria are easy to not hit as a real user, and easy to hit as a farmer, and had no anti-sybil program,” stated a prominent blockchain investor Adam Cochran.
「我喜歡 zkSync 的人,但從女巫的角度來看,這不是一次精心策劃的空投。作為真正的用戶,這些標準很容易不受打擊,作為農民也很容易受到打擊,而且沒有反女巫計劃,」著名區塊鏈投資者 Adam Cochran 表示。
I love the zkSync guys but damn that was not a well planned airdrop from a sybil perspective.Those criteria are easy to not hit as a real user, and easy to hit as a farmer, and had no anti-sybil program.Real users could easily use 1-2 dapps or only a handful of tokens on your… pic.twitter.com/PiqprIbKJ3
我喜歡zkSync 的傢伙,但該死,從sybil 的角度來看,這不是一次精心策劃的空投。沒有反sybil 程式。
Unfortunately, airdrop eligibility criteria are often easy for Sybil farmers to exploit. Protocols reward users with loyalty points and free tokens based on their fees to qualify for the airdrop rather than the amount of capital in their wallets. This means the more tasks a user completes, the more gas fees they pay and the more tokens they earn—especially when using multiple wallets.
不幸的是,空投資格標準通常很容易被 Sybil 農民利用。協議根據用戶獲得空投資格的費用而不是錢包中的資金量來獎勵用戶忠誠度積分和免費代幣。這意味著用戶完成的任務越多,他們支付的汽油費就越多,賺取的代幣就越多——尤其是在使用多個錢包時。
Some in the crypto space believe this loophole could be fixed using a linear airdrop distribution method. This approach calculates rewards based
加密領域的一些人認為這個漏洞可以使用線性空投分配方法來修復。此方法是基於計算獎勵
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