SEC 破紀錄的一年：補救措施達 8.2B 美元，50% 的重大詐欺案件與加密貨幣相關

美國證券交易委員會 (SEC) 在 2024 財政年度獲得了 82 億美元的補救措施令，創下監管機構的歷史新高。這比 2023 年收取的 49 億美元的罰款增加了 67%。

The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) announced record-breaking achievements in its 2024 fiscal year, obtaining orders for a staggering $8.2 billion in financial remedies to protect investors and ensure market integrity. This marks a substantial 67% increase from the $4.9 billion collected in 2023.

美國證券交易委員會 (SEC) 宣布其 2024 財年取得了破紀錄的成就，獲得了高達 82 億美元的財務補救措施命令，以保護投資者並確保市場誠信。這比 2023 年籌集的 49 億美元大幅增加了 67%。

According to the SEC's official press release, the regulatory agency filed 583 total enforcement actions during the year, which saw a 23% decrease compared to the previous year. The majority of these actions (431) were stand-alone enforcement matters, while 93 were follow-on administrative proceedings based on civil injunctions, orders, and criminal prosecutions. Notably, 59 enforcement actions targeted issuers who failed to make their compulsory filings on time.

根據 SEC 官方新聞稿，該監管機構全年共提起 583 起執法行動，較前一年減少 23%。這些行動中的大多數 (431) 是獨立的執法事項，而 93 項是基於民事禁令、命令和刑事起訴的後續行政程序。值得注意的是，有 59 起執法行動針對未能按時提交強製備案的發行人。

The massive increase in financial remedies, despite the decline in enforcement actions, can be largely attributed to the SEC's focus on pursuing крупные правонарушения, particularly those involving digital assets. In one significant case, Terraform Labs (TFL) and its co-founder Do Kwon settled charges with the SEC, with TFL agreeing to pay $4.5 billion and Kwon ordered to pay $200 million in penalties.

儘管執法行動有所減少，但財務補救措施的大幅增加在很大程度上可歸因於 SEC 重點追查 крупные правонарушения，特別是涉及數位資產的案件。在一個重大案件中，Terraform Labs (TFL) 及其聯合創始人 Do Kwon 與 SEC 達成和解，TFL 同意支付 45 億美元，Kwon 被勒令支付 2 億美元的罰款。

Speaking on the SEC's proactive efforts, Chair Gary Gensler highlighted the agency's role in holding wrongdoers accountable and protecting investors.

在談到 SEC 的積極努力時，主席 Gary Gensler 強調了該機構在追究不法行為者責任和保護投資者方面的作用。

Gensler said:

詹斯勒說：

“The Division of Enforcement is a steadfast cop on the beat, following the facts and the law wherever they lead to hold wrongdoers accountable. As demonstrated by this year’s results, the Division helps promote the integrity of our capital markets to benefit investors and issuers alike.”

「執法部門是一名堅定的警察，無論事實和法律如何，都會追究違法者的責任。正如今年的結果所證明的那樣，該部門有助於促進我們資本市場的完整性，使投資者和發行人都受益。

Beyond the financial remedies, 2024 also saw record levels of complaints and reports, with the SEC receiving 45,130 tips, complaints, and referrals, marking the highest number ever. The regulator also obtained orders banning 124 individuals from serving as officers or directors of public companies, which is the second-highest number in a decade, and distributed $345 million to harmed investors.

除了財務補救措施之外，2024 年投訴和報告的數量也創下歷史新高，SEC 收到了 45,130 份舉報、投​​訴和轉介，創下有史以來的最高數量。該監管機構還獲得了禁止 124 名個人擔任上市公司高管或董事的命令，這是十年來第二高的數字，並向受到損害的投資者發放了 3.45 億美元。

In a testament to the growing prevalence of digital assets in the financial landscape, two of the four major fraud cases that the SEC charged in 2024 involved crypto assets.

SEC 在 2024 年指控的四起重大詐欺案件中，有兩起涉及加密資產，證明了數位資產在金融領域的日益普及。

One case centered on the Hyperfund crypto asset pyramid scheme, which allegedly raised over $1.7 billion from investors worldwide. The SEC charged two individuals, Xue Lee, aka Sam Lee, and Brenda Chunga, aka Bitcoin Beautee, for their involvement in the scam.

其中一起案件涉及 Hyperfund 加密資產傳銷計劃，據稱該計劃從全球投資者籌集了超過 17 億美元。美國證券交易委員會指控兩名個人，Xue Lee（又名 Sam Lee）和 Brenda Chunga（又名 Bitcoin Beautee）參與該騙局。

The other major fraud case involved NovaTech Ltd and its founders, Cynthia and Eddy Pention, who were charged by the SEC for a multilevel marketing and crypto scheme that raised over $650 million from more than 200,000 investors globally. Other promoters of the scheme were also charged alongside the two for their involvement.

另一起重大詐欺案件涉及NovaTech Ltd 及其創始人辛西婭·彭蒂恩(Cynthia Pention) 和艾迪·彭蒂恩(Eddy Pention)，他們因多層次營銷和加密貨幣計劃而被SEC 指控，該計劃從全球超過20 萬投資者那裡籌集了超過6.5 億美元。該計劃的其他發起人也因參與其中而與兩人一起受到指控。

Highlighting the emerging technologies that pose major risks for fraudulent activities, the agency noted how bad actors used everything from artificial intelligence to fake crypto platforms to defraud victims. The SEC specifically mentioned Silvergate Bank and Barnbrige DAO, noting that it settled charges against the two.

該機構強調了對詐欺活動構成重大風險的新興技術，並指出不良行為者如何利用從人工智慧到虛假加密平台等各種手段來欺騙受害者。 SEC 特別提到了 Silvergate Bank 和 Barnbrige DAO，並指出它已解決了對兩家銀行的指控。

While the SEC obtained a $4.5 billion judgment against Terraform Labs, the regulator is unlikely to get any of the funds. TFL is also bankrupt and has the court's go-ahead to wind down. There are no signs that the company, which is behind one of the biggest financial collapses ever, has the funds to pay off the losses to investors and penalties to regulators. The SEC also agreed to be paid only after the company satisfies all claims in its bankruptcy winddown.

儘管 SEC 獲得了針對 Terraform Labs 的 45 億美元判決，但監管機構不太可能獲得任何資金。 TFL 也已破產，並已獲得法院批准解散。沒有跡象表明該公司有足夠的資金來償還投資者的損失和監管機構的處罰，該公司是有史以來最嚴重的金融崩盤之一。美國證券交易委員會也同意僅在該公司滿足破產清算中的所有索賠要求後才獲得付款。

Several of the Terra mainnet services have already been shut down, including the Shuttle Bridge interface, which the company closed in early November, burning all the tokens in the Shuttle Bridge wallets. The team also plans to shut down Enterprise DAO and Warp Protocol, two Cosmos-based DeFi protocols powered by Terra, by December 31, 2024.

Terra 主網的多項服務已經關閉，包括 Shuttle Bridge 接口，該公司於 11 月初關閉了該接口，燒毀了 Shuttle Bridge 錢包中的所有代幣。該團隊還計劃在 2024 年 12 月 31 日之前關閉 Enterprise DAO 和 Warp Protocol，這兩個由 Terra 支援的基於 Cosmos 的 DeFi 協議。

Meanwhile, retail investors who lost billions to the UST and LUNA collapse continue to hope for a community-led revival. Terra Luna Classic (LUNC) ‘s community on Discord recently approved a proposal to transfer the CoinMarketCap dashboard account access for the token to Allnodes, the top validator of Terra Classic’s mainnet.

與此同時，因 UST 和 LUNA 崩潰而損失數十億美元的散戶投資者仍然希望社區主導的復甦。 Terra Luna Classic (LUNC) 的 Discord 社群最近批准了一項提案，將代幣的 CoinMarketCap 儀表板帳戶存取權轉移到 Terra Classic 主網的頂級驗證器 Allnodes。

However, they voted overwhelmingly against a proposal by Cosmos-based developer team BLV Labs asking the community to approve $5,000 in LUNC for its work on the Terra Classic blockchain. The developer worked on the use Oracle module to calculate and update the minimum deposit required for creating a governance proposal. According to the community, the developer has not deployed the feature on the testnet and mainnet and must finish the work to get paid.

然而，他們以壓倒性多數投票反對 Cosmos 開發團隊 BLV Labs 提出的一項提案，該提案要求社區批准 5,000 美元的 LUNC，用於其在 Terra Classic 區塊鏈上的工作。開發人員使用 Oracle 模組來計算和更新建立治理提案所需的最低存款。據社區稱，開發者尚未在測試網和主網上部署該功能，必須完成工作才能獲得報酬。